Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
J Cancer Educ. 2023 Jun;38(3):1042-1049. doi: 10.1007/s13187-022-02230-3. Epub 2022 Oct 25.
The purpose of study was to screen for health hazards related to sun exposure and to examine the effectiveness of a sun safety multicomponent intervention designed specifically for the Egyptian farmers. A multicomponent interventional study was conducted among 128 farmers from three villages in Zagazig district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, from January to July 2022. It passed through three phases: phase 1: assessment of participants' risk of skin cancer and vision screening; phase 2: filling a semi-structured questionnaire assessing sun exposure hazards and sun safety knowledge, behavior, and barriers; and phase 3: conducting multicomponent intervention composed of education session, providing sun safety supplies and reminders then evaluate the effect of this intervention after one month. Most of participants had moderate risk for skin cancer (69.0%), history of photokeratitis (77.3%), cataract (15.6%), and bad/very bad self-reported overall eyesight (43.0%). After intervention, there was a statistically significant improvement in the participants' awareness regarding sun exposure-related hazards, all knowledge items about sun safety measures (p < 0.01) and some sun safety behaviors (p < 0.05) including wearing protective clothing, minimization of direct sunlight exposure, taking breaks, plentiful water intake, regular self-checking of skin, wearing wide brimmed hats, and job rotation. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant improvement in all sun protection barriers (p < 0.01) except sunscreen and sunglasses related barriers (p ˃ 0.05). The multicomponent intervention composed of education session, providing sun safety supplies and reminders was effective in increasing awareness of farmers with sun exposure hazards and improving their knowledge and behavior towards sun safety measures.
本研究旨在筛查与阳光暴露相关的健康危害，并评估专门为埃及农民设计的多组分防晒综合干预措施的效果。2022 年 1 月至 7 月，在埃及 Sharkia 省 Zagazig 地区的三个村庄中，对 128 名农民进行了一项多组分干预研究。它经历了三个阶段：第 1 阶段：评估参与者患皮肤癌的风险和视力筛查；第 2 阶段：填写半结构式问卷，评估阳光暴露危害和防晒知识、行为和障碍；第 3 阶段：开展多组分干预，包括教育课程、提供防晒用品和提醒，然后在一个月后评估干预效果。大多数参与者有中度皮肤癌风险（69.0%）、光性角膜炎史（77.3%）、白内障（15.6%）和自我报告的整体视力差/非常差（43.0%）。干预后，参与者对阳光暴露相关危害的认识、所有关于防晒措施的知识项目（p<0.01）和一些防晒行为（p<0.05）都有了显著提高，包括穿着防护服、减少直接阳光暴露、休息、多喝水、定期自我检查皮肤、戴宽边帽子和轮换工作。此外，所有防晒障碍（p<0.01）都有统计学意义上的改善，除了防晒霜和太阳镜相关障碍（p>0.05）。由教育课程、提供防晒用品和提醒组成的多组分干预措施，有效提高了农民对阳光暴露危害的认识，并改善了他们对防晒措施的知识和行为。
