Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
State Institute of Health, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Bad Kissingen, Germany.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 Oct;33(10):e13864. doi: 10.1111/pai.13864.
Moisture damage increases the risk for respiratory disorders in childhood. Our aim was to determine whether early age residential exposure to inspector-observed moisture damage or mold is associated with different wheezing phenotypes later in childhood.
Building inspections were performed by civil engineers, in a standardized manner, in the children's homes-mostly single family and row houses (N = 344)-in the first year of life. The children were followed up with repeated questionnaires until the age of 6 years and wheezing phenotypes-never/infrequent, transient, intermediate, late onset, and persistent-were defined using latent class analyses. The multinomial logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis.
A total of 63% (n = 218) had infrequent or no wheeze, 23% (n = 80) had transient and 9.6% (n = 21) had a persistent wheeze. Due to the low prevalence, results for intermediate (3.8%, n = 13) and late-onset wheeze (3.5%, n = 12) were not further evaluated. Most consistent associations were observed with the persistent wheeze phenotype with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) 2.04 (0.67-6.18) for minor moisture damage with or without mold spots (present in 23.8% of homes) and 3.68 (1.04-13.05) for major damage or any moisture damage with visible mold in a child's main living areas (present in 13.4% of homes). Early-age moisture damage or mold in the kitchen was associated with transient wheezing.
At an early age, residential exposure to moisture damage or mold, can be dose-dependently associated especially with persistent wheezing phenotype later in childhood.
潮湿损害会增加儿童患呼吸道疾病的风险。我们的目的是确定儿童生命的第一年，居住环境中 inspector-observed 湿度损害或霉菌暴露是否与儿童后期不同的喘息表型有关。
在儿童生命的第一年，土木工程师以标准化的方式对儿童家中（主要是单户住宅和排屋）进行建筑检查。通过重复问卷调查对儿童进行随访，直到 6 岁，并使用潜在类别分析定义喘息表型-从未/偶尔、短暂、中期、晚期和持续。使用多项逻辑回归模型进行统计分析。
共有 63%（n=218）的儿童无或偶尔喘息，23%（n=80）的儿童喘息短暂，9.6%（n=21）的儿童持续喘息。由于中间和晚期喘息的患病率较低（分别为 3.8%，n=13 和 3.5%，n=12），因此未进一步评估。与持续喘息表型最一致的关联是轻度湿度损害伴有或不伴有霉菌斑点（23.8%的家庭中存在），调整后的优势比（95%置信区间）为 2.04（0.67-6.18），以及儿童主要生活区域有严重损害或任何可见霉菌的湿度损害，调整后的优势比为 3.68（1.04-13.05）。儿童厨房早期的湿度损害或霉菌与短暂喘息有关。
在生命早期，居住环境中暴露于湿度损害或霉菌，与儿童后期持续性喘息表型有剂量依赖性关联。
