Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birminghamgrid.265892.2, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
J Bacteriol. 2022 Nov 15;204(11):e0025722. doi: 10.1128/jb.00257-22. Epub 2022 Oct 26.
Oral commensal streptococci are primary colonizers of the oral cavity. These streptococci produce many adhesins, metabolites, and antimicrobials that modulate microbial succession and diversity within the oral cavity. Often, oral commensal streptococci antagonize cariogenic and periodontal pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, respectively. Mechanisms of antagonism are varied and range from the generation of hydrogen peroxide, competitive metabolite scavenging, the generation of reactive nitrogen intermediates, and bacteriocin production. Furthermore, several oral commensal streptococci have been shown to alter the host immune response at steady state and in response to oral pathogens. Collectively, these features highlight the remarkable ability of oral commensal streptococci to regulate the structure and function of the oral microbiome. In this review, we discuss mechanisms used by oral commensal streptococci to interact with diverse oral pathogens, both physically and through the production of antimicrobials. Finally, we conclude by exploring the critical roles of oral commensal streptococci in modulating the host immune response and maintaining health and homeostasis.
口腔共生链球菌是口腔的主要定植菌。这些链球菌产生许多黏附素、代谢物和抗菌物质，调节口腔内微生物的演替和多样性。通常，口腔共生链球菌拮抗致龋和牙周病原体，如变形链球菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌。拮抗机制多种多样，包括产生过氧化氢、竞争性代谢物清除、活性氮中间产物的产生和细菌素的产生。此外，已经证实几种口腔共生链球菌能够改变宿主在稳态和对口腔病原体的免疫反应。总的来说，这些特征突出了口腔共生链球菌调节口腔微生物组结构和功能的非凡能力。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了口腔共生链球菌与多种口腔病原体相互作用的机制，包括物理作用和抗菌物质的产生。最后，我们通过探索口腔共生链球菌在调节宿主免疫反应和维持健康和内稳态方面的关键作用来结束这篇综述。
