Ahmed Mais Emad, Qassim Al-Awadi Ahmed, Mohamed Hussein S
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad Jadriya Baghdad Iraq
Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad Baghdad City Iraq.
RSC Adv. 2025 Aug 26;15(37):30189-30201. doi: 10.1039/d5ra03081a. eCollection 2025 Aug 22.
Antibiotic resistance is a major global health threat, reducing the effectiveness of standard treatments and increasing mortality rates. This study explores the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), synthesized using biomass, to combat levofloxacin-resistant . ZnO-NPs were conjugated with levofloxacin (LFX), and their antibacterial activity was evaluated both alone and in combination with antibiotics. Characterization using FTIR, XRD, DLS, FE-SEM-EDX, and UV-Vis confirmed quasi-spherical ZnO-NPs with an average size of 17.62 nm. The antifungal efficacy of the ZnO-NPs nanocomposite was also tested against , , and at concentrations from 1000 to 62.5 μg mL. Mechanistic studies revealed that ZnO-NPs induce membrane lipid peroxidation, elevate malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and cause DNA damage, protein denaturation, and membrane leakage in bacterial cells. These results indicate that biosynthesized ZnO-NPs, especially when conjugated with antibiotics, exhibit significant antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens, highlighting their potential as alternative therapeutic agents in addressing antibiotic resistance.
抗生素耐药性是全球主要的健康威胁，它降低了标准治疗的有效性并提高了死亡率。本研究探讨了利用生物质合成的氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs）对抗左氧氟沙星耐药菌的潜力。将ZnO-NPs与左氧氟沙星（LFX）结合，并单独及与抗生素联合评估其抗菌活性。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、动态光散射（DLS）、场发射扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪（FE-SEM-EDX）和紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）进行表征，证实了平均尺寸为17.62 nm的准球形ZnO-NPs。还测试了ZnO-NPs纳米复合材料在1000至62.5 μg mL浓度下对[具体真菌名称1]、[具体真菌名称2]和[具体真菌名称3]的抗真菌效果。机理研究表明，ZnO-NPs可诱导膜脂质过氧化，提高丙二醛和活性氧（ROS）水平，并导致细菌细胞中的DNA损伤、蛋白质变性和膜渗漏。这些结果表明，生物合成的ZnO-NPs，尤其是与抗生素结合时，对多重耐药病原体具有显著的抗菌活性，突出了它们作为解决抗生素耐药性的替代治疗剂的潜力。
