Sim Seunghyeun, Lee Huseong, Yoon Sang, Seon Hyeonsu, Park Cheolju, Kim Minseok
Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-0845, Japan.
J Anim Sci Technol. 2022 Sep;64(5):897-910. doi: 10.5187/jast.2022.e71. Epub 2022 Sep 30.
Bovine fecal microbiota is important for host health and its composition can be affected by various factors, such as diet, age, species, breed, regions, and environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of diet and gender on fecal microbiota in Korean native Hanwoo cattle. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of fecal microbiota was conducted from 44 Hanwoo cattle divided into four groups: (1) 11 heifers fed an oat hay plus total mixed ration (TMR) diet for breeding (HOTB), (2) 11 heifers fed an early fattening TMR diet (HEFT), (3) 11 steers fed the early fattening TMR diet (SEFT), and (4) 11 steers fed the late fattening TMR diet (SLFT). Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the first and second most dominant phyla in all the samples, respectively. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio associated with feed efficiency was significantly greater in the SLFT group than in the other groups. At the genus level, , , and were the most abundant in the SLFT while , , and were the most abundant in the HOTB group. Although the same early fattening TMR diet was fed to Hanwoo heifers and steers, and were the most abundant in the HEFT group while and were the most abundant in the SEFT group. Shannon and Simpson diversity indices were significantly lower in the SLFT group than in the other groups. Distribution of fecal microbiota and functional genetic profiles were significantly different among the four treatment groups. The present study demonstrates that different diets and genders can affect fecal microbiota and the F/B ratio may be associated with feed efficiency in Hanwoo cattle. Our results may help develop strategies to improve gut health and productivity through manipulation of fecal microbiota using the appropriate diet considering Hanwoo cattle gender.
牛粪便微生物群对宿主健康很重要，其组成会受到多种因素的影响，如饮食、年龄、物种、品种、地区和环境。本研究的目的是评估饮食和性别对韩国本土韩牛粪便微生物群的影响。对44头韩牛的粪便微生物群进行16S rRNA基因扩增子测序，这些牛被分为四组：（1）11头饲喂燕麦干草加全混合日粮（TMR）用于繁殖的小母牛（HOTB），（2）11头饲喂早期育肥牛TMR日粮的小母牛（HEFT），（3）11头饲喂早期育肥牛TMR日粮的公牛（SEFT），以及（4）11头饲喂后期育肥牛TMR日粮的公牛（SLFT）。厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门分别是所有样本中最主要和第二主要的菌门。与饲料效率相关的厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门（F/B）比值在SLFT组中显著高于其他组。在属水平上， 、 和 在SLFT组中最为丰富，而 、 和 在HOTB组中最为丰富。尽管给韩牛小母牛和公牛饲喂相同的早期育肥牛TMR日粮，但 和 在HEFT组中最为丰富，而 和 在SEFT组中最为丰富。SLFT组的香农和辛普森多样性指数显著低于其他组。四个处理组之间粪便微生物群的分布和功能基因谱存在显著差异。本研究表明，不同的饮食和性别会影响粪便微生物群，F/B比值可能与韩牛的饲料效率有关。我们的结果可能有助于制定策略，通过根据韩牛性别使用适当的饮食来调控粪便微生物群，从而改善肠道健康和生产力。
