Department of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, The University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
Toxins (Basel). 2022 Oct 18;14(10):712. doi: 10.3390/toxins14100712.
Bacterial secondary metabolites play a major role in the alleviation of diseases; however, the cytotoxicity of other metabolites cannot be ignored as such metabolites could be detrimental to human cells. Three strains , and were used in the experiments. These strains are well known to cause hospital and community-acquired infections. Secondary metabolites from isolated from milk of cows with clinical features of mastitis (swollen udders and the production of watery clotted milk), S. saprophyticus (ATCC 35552), and S. epidermidis (ATCC 51625) were exposed to a minimal medium then screened using Gas Chromatography High-Resolution Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry (GC-HRTOF-MS) and identified with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). From , two compounds were isolated: oleamide and methyl palmitate; three from including fluoranthene, 3-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrrole, and cyclo(L-Leu-L-Propyl); while yielded succinic acid, 1,2,6-hexantriol, veratramine, and 4-methyl-pentyl-amine. The secondary metabolites were tested for cytotoxicity using the Vero cell line. Fluoranthene exhibited toxicity with an LC of 0.0167 mg/mL to Vero cells, while the other metabolites did not. Methyl palmitate was the least toxic of all of the metabolites. The results imply that none of the compounds, except fluoranthene, pose any danger to human cells.
细菌次生代谢产物在缓解疾病方面起着重要作用；然而，其他代谢产物的细胞毒性也不容忽视，因为这些代谢产物可能对人类细胞有害。在实验中使用了三种菌株，和。这些菌株是众所周知的引起医院和社区获得性感染的原因。从患有乳腺炎（乳房肿胀和产生水样凝结牛奶）的奶牛的牛奶中分离出的、和的次生代谢产物、和的次生代谢产物，以及表皮葡萄球菌（ATCC 51625）被暴露于最小培养基中，然后使用气相色谱-高分辨率飞行时间质谱（GC-HRTOF-MS）进行筛选，并通过核磁共振（NMR）进行鉴定。从分离出两种化合物：油酰胺和棕榈酸甲酯；从分离出三种化合物，包括荧蒽、3-甲基-2-苯基-1H-吡咯和环（L-亮氨酸-L-丙氨酸）；而则产生了琥珀酸、1,2,6-己三醇、藜芦碱和 4-甲基-戊基-胺。使用 Vero 细胞系测试次生代谢产物的细胞毒性。荧蒽对 Vero 细胞的 LC 为 0.0167mg/mL，表现出毒性，而其他代谢产物则没有。棕榈酸甲酯是所有代谢产物中毒性最小的。结果表明，除荧蒽外，这些化合物都不会对人类细胞造成任何危险。
