School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 26;17(10):e0276553. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276553. eCollection 2022.
So far, shreds of evidence have shown that COVID-19 related hospitalization, serious outcomes, and mortality were high among individuals with chronic medical conditions. However, strict compliance with basic public health measures such as hand washing with soap, social distancing, and wearing masks has been recommended and proven effective in preventing transmission of the infection. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and identify its predictors among patients with common chronic diseases in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia by applying the proportional odds model.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was employed in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia between February and March 2021. Using a systematic random sampling technique, 419 patients with common chronic diseases were recruited. Data were collected using an Open Data Kit and then submitted to the online server. The proportional odds model was employed, and the level of significance was declared at a p-value of less than 0.05.
This study revealed that 55.2% (95%CI: 50.4%-59.9%) of the study participants had low compliance levels with COVID-19 preventive measures. The final proportional odds model identified that perceived susceptibility (AOR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84, 0.97), cues to action (AOR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.85, 0.94), having access to drinking water piped into the dwelling (AOR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.84), having no access to any internet (AOR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.42, 0.92), having no functional refrigerator (AOR: 2.17, 95%CI: 1.26, 3.74), and having poor knowledge (AOR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.98) were the independent predictors of low compliance level with COVID-19 preventive measures.
In the study area, more than half of the participants had low compliance levels with COVID-19 preventive measures. Thus, the identified factors should be considered when designing, planning, and implementing new interventional strategies, so as to improve the participants' compliance level.
迄今为止，有零星证据表明，患有慢性疾病的个体因 COVID-19 住院、出现严重后果和死亡的比例较高。然而，洗手、保持社交距离和戴口罩等基本公共卫生措施的严格遵守已被推荐并被证明可有效防止感染传播。因此，本研究旨在通过应用比例优势模型，确定在埃塞俄比亚南部公立医院就诊的常见慢性病患者对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守程度，并确定其预测因素。
本研究于 2021 年 2 月至 3 月在埃塞俄比亚南部的公立医院进行了一项基于设施的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术，招募了 419 名患有常见慢性病的患者。使用开放式数据套件收集数据，然后将其提交到在线服务器。采用比例优势模型，以 p 值小于 0.05 为显著性水平。
本研究显示，55.2%（95%CI：50.4%-59.9%）的研究参与者对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守程度较低。最终的比例优势模型确定，感知易感性（AOR：0.91，95%CI：0.84，0.97）、行动提示（AOR：0.89，95%CI：0.85，0.94）、有管道饮用水接入住宅（AOR：0.52，95%CI：0.32，0.84）、无法访问任何互联网（AOR：0.62，95%CI：0.42，0.92）、没有功能正常的冰箱（AOR：2.17，95%CI：1.26，3.74）和知识水平低（AOR：1.42，95%CI：1.02，1.98）是 COVID-19 预防措施低遵守率的独立预测因素。
在研究区域，超过一半的参与者对 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守程度较低。因此，在设计、规划和实施新的干预策略时，应考虑到这些因素，以提高参与者的遵守程度。
