Krieger Margret, Hoischen-Taubner Susanne, Blume Leonie, Sundrum Albert
Department of Animal Nutrition and Animal Health, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstraße 1a, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Mar 12;15(6):807. doi: 10.3390/ani15060807.
Providing young monogastric animals with the essential amino acids they need is challenging in organic feeding. The nutrient content of organic feeds varies widely, and additives are restricted, so feed rations must be formulated based on analysis. A survey of 56 organic pig and poultry farmers in Germany was carried out to investigate their attitudes towards ration planning and to examine and evaluate the feeding management on their farms. Principal component analysis was used to characterise the different attitudes. Cluster analysis revealed three groups: Farmers in Group 1 (n = 28) were uncertain about the nutrient requirements of organic animals. They accepted the importance of need-based feeding for health and performance, but did not recognise the importance of regular ration adjustments and were uncertain about the animals' ability to compensate for deficiencies. In Group 2 (n = 11), need-based feeding and regular ration adjustments were most important to farmers, who were more likely to have professional feeding systems. In Group 3 (n = 17), farmers were least uncertain about nutrient requirements and did not believe that animals would lower their demand when undersupplied. Although the importance of need-based feeding was recognised, regular ration adjustment was of little importance for this group. Across all farms, 60% of the feed rations examined deviated significantly from recommendations. It is concluded that organic farmers need more guidance and perhaps pressure to fulfil their responsibility to provide their animals with the nutrients they need.
在有机饲养中，为幼龄单胃动物提供所需的必需氨基酸具有挑战性。有机饲料的营养成分差异很大，且添加剂受到限制，因此必须根据分析来配制饲料日粮。对德国56位有机养猪和养禽农户进行了一项调查，以了解他们对日粮规划的态度，并检查和评估其农场的饲养管理情况。采用主成分分析来描述不同的态度。聚类分析揭示了三组：第一组（n = 28）的农户对有机动物的营养需求不确定。他们认可基于需求的饲养对健康和性能的重要性，但没有认识到定期调整日粮的重要性，并且对动物弥补营养不足的能力不确定。第二组（n = 11）中，基于需求的饲养和定期调整日粮对农户最为重要，他们更有可能拥有专业的饲养系统。第三组（n = 17）的农户对营养需求的不确定性最小，并且不认为动物在供应不足时会降低其需求。尽管认识到了基于需求的饲养的重要性，但定期调整日粮对该组来说并不重要。在所有农场中，所检查的60%的饲料日粮与建议值有显著偏差。得出的结论是，有机农户需要更多的指导，或许还需要施加压力，以履行其为动物提供所需营养的责任。
