Silveri Filippo, Della Pelle Flavio, Scroccarello Annalisa, Mazzotta Elisabetta, Di Giulio Tiziano, Malitesta Cosimino, Compagnone Dario
Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Universitaà del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 11;11(10):2008. doi: 10.3390/antiox11102008.
A new sustainable route to nanodispersed and functionalized carbon black in water phase (W-CB) is proposed. The sonochemical strategy exploits ultrasounds to disaggregate the CB, while two selected functional naturally derived compounds, sodium cholate (SC) and rosmarinic acid (RA), act as stabilizing agents ensuring dispersibility in water adhering onto the CB nanoparticles' surface. Strategically, the CB-RA compound is used to drive the AuNPs self-assembling at room temperature, resulting in a CB surface that is nanodecorated; further, this is achieved without the need for additional reagents. Electrochemical sensors based on the proposed nanomaterials are realized and characterized both morphologically and electrochemically. The W-CBs' electroanalytical potential is proved in the anodic and cathodic window using caffeic acid (CF) and hydroquinone (HQ), two antioxidant compounds that are significant for food and the environment. For both antioxidants, repeatable (RSD ≤ 3.3%; = 10) and reproducible (RSD ≤ 3.8%; = 3) electroanalysis results were obtained, achieving nanomolar detection limits (CF: 29 nM; HQ: 44 nM). CF and HQ are successfully determined in food and environmental samples (recoveries 97-113%), and also in the presence of other phenolic classes and HQ structural isomers. The water dispersibility of the proposed materials can be an opportunity for (bio) sensor fabrication and sustainable device realization.
提出了一种在水相中制备纳米分散且功能化炭黑（W-CB）的新可持续路线。声化学策略利用超声波使炭黑解聚，同时两种选定的功能性天然衍生化合物，胆酸钠（SC）和迷迭香酸（RA），作为稳定剂确保其在水中的分散性并附着在炭黑纳米颗粒表面。策略性地，CB-RA化合物用于在室温下驱动金纳米颗粒自组装，从而使炭黑表面实现纳米装饰；此外，这一过程无需额外的试剂。基于所提出的纳米材料制备了电化学传感器，并对其进行了形态学和电化学表征。使用咖啡酸（CF）和对苯二酚（HQ）这两种对食品和环境具有重要意义的抗氧化剂，在阳极和阴极窗口证明了W-CBs的电分析潜力。对于这两种抗氧化剂，均获得了可重复（RSD≤3.3%；n = 10）和可重现（RSD≤3.8%；n = 3）的电分析结果，检测限达到纳摩尔级（CF：29 nM；HQ：44 nM）。CF和HQ在食品和环境样品中（回收率97-113%）以及在存在其他酚类和HQ结构异构体的情况下均成功测定。所提出材料的水分散性可为（生物）传感器制造和可持续器件实现提供契机。
