Bano Koser, Kumar Bharty, Alyemeni Mohammed Nasser, Ahmad Parvaiz
Department of Botany, Government, MVM College, Barkatullah University Bhopal (M.P.), Bhopal 462004, India.
Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 11;11(10):2010. doi: 10.3390/antiox11102010.
In the current study, salicylic acid (SA) assesses the physiological and biochemical responses in overcoming the potential deleterious impacts of arsenic (As) on cultivar Neelam. The toxicity caused by As significantly reduced the observed growth and photosynthetic attributes and accelerated the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plants subjected to As stress revealed a significant ( ≤ 0.05) reduction in the plant growth and photosynthetic parameters, which accounts for decreased carbon (C) and sulfur (S) assimilation. Foliar spray of SA lowered the oxidative burden in terms of hydrogen peroxide (HO), superoxide anion (O), and lipid peroxidation in As-affected plants. Application of SA in two levels (250 and 500 mM) protected the cultivar from As stress by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the plant by lowering oxidative stress. Among the two doses, 500 mM SA was most effective in mitigating the adverse effects of As on the cultivar. It was found that SA application to the cultivar alleviated the stress by lowering the accumulation of As in roots and leaves due to the participation of metal chelators like phytochelatins, enhancing the S-assimilatory pathway, carbohydrate metabolism, higher cell viability in roots, activity of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), and proline metabolism through the active participation of γ-glutamyl kinase (GK) and proline oxidase (PROX) enzyme. The current study shows that SA has the capability to enhance the growth and productivity of plants cultivated in agricultural soil polluted with As and perhaps other heavy metals.
在当前研究中，水杨酸（SA）评估了其在克服砷（As）对尼尔姆品种潜在有害影响方面的生理和生化反应。砷造成的毒性显著降低了观察到的生长和光合属性，并加速了活性氧（ROS）的产生。遭受砷胁迫的植物在植物生长和光合参数方面显示出显著（≤0.05）降低，这导致碳（C）和硫（S）同化减少。叶面喷施水杨酸降低了受砷影响植物中过氧化氢（HO）、超氧阴离子（O）和脂质过氧化方面的氧化负担。以两种水平（250和500 mM）施用SA通过降低氧化应激增强植物的抗氧化能力，从而保护该品种免受砷胁迫。在这两种剂量中，500 mM SA在减轻砷对该品种的不利影响方面最有效。研究发现，对该品种施用SA通过降低根和叶中砷的积累来缓解胁迫，这是由于金属螯合剂如植物螯合肽的参与，增强硫同化途径、碳水化合物代谢、根中更高的细胞活力、1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶（Rubisco）的活性以及通过γ-谷氨酰激酶（GK）和脯氨酸氧化酶（PROX）的积极参与促进脯氨酸代谢。当前研究表明，SA有能力提高在受砷以及可能其他重金属污染的农业土壤中种植的植物的生长和生产力。
