Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
Biomolecules. 2020 Feb 21;10(2):341. doi: 10.3390/biom10020341.
Different abiotic and biotic stresses lead to the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various cell organelles such as in mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress, inducing defense responses or programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. In response to oxidative stress, cells activate various cytoprotective responses, enhancing the antioxidant system, increasing the activity of alternative oxidase and degrading the oxidized proteins. Oxidative stress responses are orchestrated by several phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA). The biomolecule SA is a key regulator in mitochondria-mediated defense signaling and PCD, but the mode of its action is not known in full detail. In this review, the current knowledge on the multifaceted role of SA in mitochondrial ROS metabolism is summarized to gain a better understanding of SA-regulated processes at the subcellular level in plant defense responses.
不同的非生物和生物胁迫会导致活性氧（ROS）在各种细胞器（如线粒体）中产生和积累，导致氧化应激，从而诱导植物中的防御反应或程序性细胞死亡（PCD）。为了应对氧化应激，细胞会激活各种细胞保护反应，增强抗氧化系统，增加交替氧化酶的活性并降解氧化蛋白。氧化应激反应由几种植物激素如水杨酸（SA）来协调。生物分子 SA 是线粒体介导的防御信号和 PCD 的关键调节剂，但它的作用模式尚不完全清楚。在这篇综述中，总结了 SA 在线粒体 ROS 代谢中的多方面作用的现有知识，以更好地理解植物防御反应中 SA 调节的亚细胞水平过程。
