Łoniewska Beata, Michalczyk Kaja, Podsiadło Konrad, Adamek Karolina, Michalczyk Barbara, Tousty Piotr, Kaczmarczyk Mariusz, Łoniewski Igor
Department of Neonatology and Intensive Neonatal Care, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Children (Basel). 2022 Sep 21;9(10):1431. doi: 10.3390/children9101431.
Increased pre-pregnancy maternal BMI (pBMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) have been found to increase infants' birthweight and result in the programming of child weight and impact its later weight gain.
To assess the impact of pBMI and GWG on the weight of children from birth to 2 years of age and over the duration of breastfeeding.
Single Centre observational prospective longitudinal cohort study. Data were collected from medical records, and medical history. The analysis of multiple linear and mixed models was involved.
20% of females were overweight, while 13% were obese before the pregnancy. An overall model, including gender and smoking, indicated a significant impact of pBMI category on a child's birth mass ( = 0.01). The GWG category affected a child's birth weight ( = 0.018, Effect size 0.41). pBMI did not affect the breastfeeding duration.
pBMI and GWG correlate with birth weight and weight in neonatal period, however they become insignificant in later childhood. Weight assessment methods among children aged up to two years of age require standardization. Maternal weight before the pregnancy nor the weight gain during the pregnancy do not influence the length of breastfeeding. The biggest limitation was the small sample size and the failure to account for weight gain per trimester of pregnancy. Further research on a larger population should be continued.
研究发现，孕前孕妇体重指数（pBMI）增加和孕期体重增加（GWG）会增加婴儿出生体重，并导致儿童体重编程，影响其后期体重增加。
评估pBMI和GWG对0至2岁儿童体重以及整个母乳喂养期间体重的影响。
单中心观察性前瞻性纵向队列研究。数据收集自病历和病史记录。采用多元线性模型和混合模型进行分析。
20%的女性在孕前超重，13%肥胖。一个包含性别和吸烟因素的总体模型显示，pBMI类别对儿童出生体重有显著影响（P = 0.01）。GWG类别影响儿童出生体重（P = 0.018，效应大小0.41）。pBMI不影响母乳喂养持续时间。
pBMI和GWG与出生体重及新生儿期体重相关，但在儿童后期变得不显著。两岁以下儿童的体重评估方法需要标准化。孕前母亲体重和孕期体重增加均不影响母乳喂养时长。最大的局限性是样本量小且未考虑孕期各 trimester 的体重增加情况。应继续对更大规模人群进行进一步研究。
