Dziváková Kristína, Fric Zdeněk Faltýnek, Hula Vladimír
Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Insects. 2022 Oct 18;13(10):950. doi: 10.3390/insects13100950.
Taking the regular overwintering of spider species in land snail shells as a model, we studied environmental conditions affecting the choice of overwintering sites in three jumping spider species: , , and . The research was conducted at 11 steppe localities on calcareous bedrock with abundant empty shells (mainly and ). We documented 889 shells and collected 186 of them, of which 113 were inhabited by 146 spider individuals (13 species). Our three focal species made up 81.5% of these. We found different environmental preferences between the sexes in and . These females preferred shells with more vegetation nearby. In the case of , these were shells with a higher proportion of herbs, whereas selected for a higher proportion of moss. In the immediate vicinity of the shells, environmental conditions did not differ significantly. We found insufficient to determine any preferences. We also recorded six overwintering individuals in a single shell (in environmental conditions preferred by females), consisting of five females and one male, which indicated an unusual social behavior for these spider species.
以蜘蛛物种在陆地蜗牛壳中进行常规越冬为模型，我们研究了影响三种跳蛛物种（ 、 和 ）越冬地点选择的环境条件。研究在11个草原地区的钙质基岩上进行，那里有大量空壳（主要是 和 ）。我们记录了889个壳，并收集了其中186个，其中113个被146只蜘蛛个体（13个物种）占据。我们的三个重点物种占了这些的81.5%。我们发现 和 两性之间存在不同的环境偏好。这些雌性更喜欢附近有更多植被的壳。就 而言，是草本植物比例较高的壳，而 则选择苔藓比例较高的壳。在壳的紧邻区域，环境条件没有显著差异。我们发现 不足以确定任何偏好。我们还记录到在一个壳中有六只越冬 个体（处于雌性偏好的环境条件下），包括五只雌性和一只雄性，这表明这些蜘蛛物种有不寻常的社会行为。
