School of Earth and Environmental Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund (ICCTF), Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta 12940, Indonesia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 19;19(20):13508. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013508.
A Marine Protected Area (MPA) is always expected to create a specified outcome in ecosystem improvement. While they are certain to benefit marine life, MPAs also impact the surrounding communities, as they directly affect the livelihoods of people who rely on marine exploits to make a decent living. In other words, MPAs create new communal dynamics influencing the rate of prosperity in the surrounding communities. Unfortunately, the leverage of MPAs in the coastal communities' social economy is often under-assessed in MPA-related research. The MPA's influence on communal prosperity emphasizes the importance of policy incentives from stakeholders. Therefore, stakeholders' perceptions of MPAs are fundamental in the planning and implementation of MPAs, which could improve the prosperity of the coastal communities. In Gili Matra, Indonesia, where tourism is the MPA's backbone, MPAs are expected to sustain prosperity for future generations. However, some stakeholders with different influential stances to the MPA (Influential Stakeholders (IS) and Non-Influential Stakeholders (NIS)) demand a contradictive approach. This could lead to managerial issues for the MPAs. These issues must be addressed to avoid contradictory objectives that could harm MPA implementation.
海洋保护区（MPA）通常被期望在改善生态系统方面产生特定的结果。虽然它们肯定会有益于海洋生物，但 MPA 也会对周围社区产生影响，因为它们直接影响到那些依赖海洋资源谋生的人的生计。换句话说，MPA 创造了新的社区动态，影响了周围社区的繁荣速度。不幸的是，在与 MPA 相关的研究中，通常对 MPA 在沿海社区社会经济中的影响力评估不足。MPA 对社区繁荣的影响强调了利益相关者政策激励的重要性。因此，利益相关者对 MPA 的看法是 MPA 规划和实施的基础，这可以提高沿海社区的繁荣水平。在印度尼西亚的吉利·马特拉（Gili Matra），旅游业是 MPA 的支柱，MPA 有望为子孙后代维持繁荣。然而，一些对 MPA 持有不同影响力立场的利益相关者（有影响力的利益相关者（IS）和非有影响力的利益相关者（NIS））要求采取矛盾的方法。这可能会给 MPA 管理带来问题。必须解决这些问题，以避免可能损害 MPA 实施的目标冲突。
