Zhu Xiaochong, Wang Yaping, Wang Xiaobing, Wang Wei
State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Sep 27;8(10):1017. doi: 10.3390/jof8101017.
strains have been successfully used in plant disease control. However, the poor stress resistance of mycelia and conidia makes processing and storage difficult. Furthermore, they cannot produce chlamydospores in large quantities during fermentation, which limits the industrialization process of chlamydospore preparation. It is important to explore an efficient liquid fermentation strategy for ensuring chlamydospore production in . We found that the addition of mannitol, glycine betaine, and N-acetylglucosamine (N-A-G) during liquid fermentation effectively increases the yield of chlamydospores. Furthermore, we provided evidence that chlamydospores have stronger tolerance to high temperature, ultraviolet, and hypertonic stress after the addition of mannitol and trehalose. Lipids are an important component of microbial cells and impact the stress resistance of microorganisms. We studied the internal relationship between lipid metabolism and the stress resistance of chlamydospores by detecting changes in the lipid content and gene expression. Our results showed that mannitol and trehalose cause lipid accumulation in chlamydospores and increase the unsaturated fatty acid content. In conclusion, we verified that these exogenous regulators increase the production of chlamydospores and enhance their stress resistance by regulating lipid metabolism. In addition, we believe that lipid metabolism is an important part of the chlamydospore production process and impacts the stress resistance of chlamydospores. Our findings provide clues for studying the differentiation pathway of chlamydospores in filamentous fungi and a basis for the industrial production of chlamydospores.
菌株已成功应用于植物病害防治。然而，菌丝体和分生孢子的抗逆性较差，使得加工和储存困难。此外，它们在发酵过程中不能大量产生厚垣孢子，这限制了厚垣孢子制备的工业化进程。探索一种有效的液体发酵策略以确保厚垣孢子的产量很重要。我们发现，在液体发酵过程中添加甘露醇、甘氨酸甜菜碱和N-乙酰葡糖胺（N-A-G）可有效提高厚垣孢子的产量。此外，我们提供的证据表明，添加甘露醇和海藻糖后，厚垣孢子对高温、紫外线和高渗胁迫具有更强的耐受性。脂质是微生物细胞的重要组成部分，影响微生物的抗逆性。我们通过检测脂质含量和基因表达的变化，研究了脂质代谢与厚垣孢子抗逆性之间的内在关系。我们的结果表明，甘露醇和海藻糖会导致厚垣孢子中脂质积累，并增加不饱和脂肪酸含量。总之，我们验证了这些外源调节剂通过调节脂质代谢增加厚垣孢子的产量并增强其抗逆性。此外，我们认为脂质代谢是厚垣孢子产生过程的重要组成部分，影响厚垣孢子的抗逆性。我们的发现为研究丝状真菌中厚垣孢子的分化途径提供了线索，并为厚垣孢子的工业化生产奠定了基础。
