Deciphering the Impact of Alterations on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: From Biological Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches.

Despite the recent increase in the number of types of treatments, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the major cause of death from cancer worldwide. So, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. The gene codes for tyrosine kinase receptor whose alterations are known to drive carcinogenesis. alterations, including amplification, mutations, and overexpression, have been mainly described in breast and gastric cancers, but up to 4% of NSCLC harbor actionable mutations. HER2-targeted therapy for NSCLC with trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and trastuzumab emtansine has failed to demonstrate an improvement in survival. Nevertheless, recent data from phase II trials have shed light on promising specific therapies for -mutant NSCLC such as trastuzumab deruxtecan. Herein, we aimed to provide an updated review on the biology, epidemiology, molecular testing, and therapeutic strategies for NSCLC with molecular alterations.