Department of Dentistry, Inha University School of Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon 22332, Korea.
Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterial and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Oct 17;58(10):1469. doi: 10.3390/medicina58101469.
Background and Objectives: There is no consensus regarding the surface treatment method for achieving optimal bonding strength between zirconia and resin cements. We evaluated the effect of hot-etching with 9% hydrofluoric acid (HF) gel using the Zirconia Etchant Cloud System on zirconia surfaces and the consequent shear bond strength (SBS) of different resin cements to such surface-treated zirconia ceramics. Materials and Methods: Forty-five zirconia specimens were randomly assigned to surface-treatment groups (n = 15/group): no treatment (control, CT); sandblasting with 110-μm Al2O3 at an air pressure of 1 bar for 10 s (SB); hot-etching with 9% HF gel (HE). Post-treatment, specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface roughness (SR) analysis. After treatment, self-adhesive resin cements (Maxcem Elite, MAZIC Cem, RelyX U200, 3M ESPE: Maplewood, MN, USA) were bonded to zirconia specimens, which were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. All specimens were then subjected to SBS testing, using a universal testing machine, until failure. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Results: In the SEM images, roughness was greater in SB than in HE specimens. Ra and Rt values were highest in SB, followed by HE, and CT specimens. HE specimens showed significantly higher SBS values than CT or SB specimens (p < 0.05). MAZIC Cem cement, with 10-methacryloyloxydcyl dihydrogen phosphate yielded the highest SBS values. Conclusions: Hot-etching with 9% HF gel in a safe shell formed uniformly small, defined holes on the zirconia surface and achieved significantly higher SBS values than sandblasting (p < 0.05). Zirconia prostheses can be bonded micromechanically with resin cement, without the deterioration of properties due to t-m transformation, using chemical acid etching with the Zirconia Etchant Cloud System.
目前对于如何实现氧化锆与树脂水门汀之间最佳粘结强度，尚无共识。本研究评估了使用 Zirconia Etchant Cloud 系统的 9%氢氟酸凝胶对氧化锆表面进行热蚀刻处理以及对不同树脂水门汀粘结到经处理的氧化锆陶瓷表面后的剪切粘结强度（SBS）的影响。
将 45 个氧化锆样本随机分为表面处理组（n = 15/组）：无处理（对照组，CT）；110-μm 氧化铝喷砂处理，气压 1 bar，持续 10 s（SB）；9%氢氟酸凝胶热蚀刻（HE）。处理后，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和表面粗糙度（SR）分析评估样本。处理后，将自粘结树脂水门汀（Maxcem Elite、MAZIC Cem、RelyX U200、3M ESPE：Maplewood，MN，USA）粘结到氧化锆样本上，在 37°C 的蒸馏水中储存 24 h。所有样本均进行 SBS 测试，直至破坏，使用万能试验机进行。使用单因素方差分析和 Tukey 事后检验（α = 0.05）对数据进行分析。
SEM 图像中，SB 组的粗糙度大于 HE 组。SB 组的 Ra 和 Rt 值最高，其次是 HE 组和 CT 组。HE 组的 SBS 值明显高于 CT 组或 SB 组（p < 0.05）。含有 10-甲氧基丙烯酰氧二氢磷的 MAZIC Cem 水门汀具有最高的 SBS 值。
使用 9%氢氟酸凝胶在安全壳中进行热蚀刻可在氧化锆表面均匀形成小而明确的小孔，SBS 值明显高于喷砂处理（p < 0.05）。使用 Zirconia Etchant Cloud 系统进行化学酸蚀，可以在不损害 t-m 相变特性的情况下，通过机械微粘结将氧化锆修复体与树脂水门汀粘结。
