Imparato Roberto, Rosa Nicola, De Bernardo Maddalena
Eye Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2022 Oct 12;10(10):2014. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10102014.
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the most common causes of conjunctivitis worldwide. Depending on specific serotypes and other factors, it can lead to several ocular manifestations, ranging from isolated, self-limited disease to epidemic and potentially sight-threatening keratoconjunctivitis. To date, no antiviral agent against ocular adenovirus has been licensed, and its management is still based on hygienic and supportive measures alone. In this review, a literature search up to August 2021 was performed to find peer-reviewed articles, with the primary aim to investigate drugs or other compounds with any antiviral activity against adenovirus. Finally, we included 70 articles, consisting of both in vitro, and in vivo studies on animal models and clinical trials of any phase, as well as a case-report, and analyzed each compound separately. Many antiviral agents proved to be effective on in vivo and in vitro studies on animal models, and in pre-clinical trials, but lacked reliability in large, controlled clinical investigations. The design of such studies, though, presented several hurdles, due to the nature and the specific characteristics of adenovirus-induced ocular diseases. Nevertheless, some promising compounds are currently under study, and further investigations are needed to prove their efficacy in the management of adenovirus conjunctivitis.
人腺病毒（HAdV）是全球结膜炎最常见的病因之一。根据特定血清型和其他因素，它可导致多种眼部表现，从孤立的自限性疾病到流行性且可能威胁视力的角结膜炎。迄今为止，尚无针对眼部腺病毒的抗病毒药物获得许可，其治疗仍仅基于卫生和支持性措施。在本综述中，我们进行了截至2021年8月的文献检索，以查找同行评审的文章，主要目的是研究具有抗腺病毒活性的药物或其他化合物。最后，我们纳入了70篇文章，包括对动物模型的体外和体内研究、任何阶段的临床试验以及病例报告，并分别分析了每种化合物。许多抗病毒药物在动物模型的体内和体外研究以及临床前试验中被证明是有效的，但在大型对照临床研究中缺乏可靠性。然而，由于腺病毒引起的眼部疾病的性质和特定特征，此类研究的设计存在几个障碍。尽管如此，一些有前景的化合物目前正在研究中，还需要进一步研究以证明它们在治疗腺病毒结膜炎方面的疗效。
