Poniedziałek Barbara, Hallmann Ewelina, Sikora Dominika, Szymański Karol, Kondratiuk Katarzyna, Żurawski Jakub, Rzymski Piotr, Brydak Lidia
Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center at the National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute in Warsaw, Chocimska St. 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Sep 27;10(10):1621. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10101621.
There is evidence that vaccination against seasonal influenza can improve innate immune responses to COVID-19 and decrease disease severity. However, less is known about whether it could also impact the humoral immunity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The present study aimed to compare the SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral responses (IgG antibodies against nucleocapsid; anti-N, receptor binding domain; anti-RBD, subunit S2; anti-S2, and envelope protein; anti-E) between non-hospitalized, COVID-19 unvaccinated, and mild COVID-19 convalescent patients who were and were not vaccinated against influenza during the 2019/2020 epidemic season ( = 489 and = 292, respectively). The influenza-vaccinated group had significantly higher frequency and titers of anti-N antibodies (75 vs. 66%; mean 559 vs. 520 U/mL) and anti-RBD antibodies (85 vs. 76%; mean 580 vs. 540 U/mL). The prevalence and concentrations of anti-S2 and anti-E antibodies did not differ between groups (40-43%; mean 370-375 U/mL and 1.4-1.7%; mean 261-294 U/mL) and were significantly lower compared to those of anti-RBD and anti-N. In both groups, age, comorbidities, and gender did not affect the prevalence and concentrations of studied antibodies. The results indicate that influenza vaccination can improve serum antibody levels produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
有证据表明，接种季节性流感疫苗可改善对新冠病毒的先天免疫反应并降低疾病严重程度。然而，对于其是否也会影响新冠病毒感染患者的体液免疫，人们了解较少。本研究旨在比较2019/2020流行季期间未住院、未接种新冠疫苗的轻症新冠康复患者与接种和未接种流感疫苗的患者之间针对新冠病毒的特异性体液反应（抗核衣壳IgG抗体；抗N、受体结合域；抗RBD、S2亚基；抗S2以及包膜蛋白；抗E）（分别为n = 489和n = 292）。接种流感疫苗的组抗N抗体（75%对66%；平均559 U/mL对520 U/mL）和抗RBD抗体（85%对76%；平均580 U/mL对540 U/mL）的频率和滴度显著更高。抗S2和抗E抗体的患病率和浓度在两组间无差异（40 - 43%；平均370 - 375 U/mL和1.4 - 1.7%；平均261 - 294 U/mL），且与抗RBD和抗N抗体相比显著更低。在两组中，年龄、合并症和性别均不影响所研究抗体的患病率和浓度。结果表明，流感疫苗接种可提高针对新冠病毒感染产生的血清抗体水平。
