苏丹民众对 COVID-19 疫苗的认知、态度和接受情况。
Knowledge, attitude, and acceptance regarding COVID-19 vaccines in Sudan.
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Faculty of Medicine, Karary University, Khartoum, Sudan.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2022 Oct 10;10:954810. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.954810. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a new coronavirus discovered in December 2019 in China. COVID-19 symptoms are similar to those of viral flu but may be more severe, these symptoms can be defended by vaccines, the most distributed 6 candidate vaccines are Pfizer, BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen AstraZeneca, Sinopharm, Sinovac. In Sudan, the virus has rapidly spread in the country, causing a total of 37,138 confirmed cases with 2,776 deaths till July 21, 2021. We are targeting health workers, medical students, and the general public to assess their behavior regarding COVID-19 vaccines in Sudan, recognize the determinants of their behavior, and identify the factors increasing vaccine acceptance among them.
METHODS
We conducted a pretested cross-sectional online survey involving healthcare workers, medical students, and the general population in Sudan in July and August. We collected the data by sending the survey to social media platforms (e.g., Facebook and WhatsApp). The survey was conducted anonymously without identity-related data. We used both convenience sampling and snowball sampling methods as the participants were asked to forward the survey link to their contacts. The sample size was calculated using Slovin's formula and we estimated the sample size to be 400.
RESULTS
Of our 400 participants, 36.8% ( = 147) were males and 63.2% ( = 253) were females, the mean age of the participants was 24.17 ± 8.07. The overall vaccine acceptance rate was 48.2% ( = 193) and "Occupation" was the only sociodemographic domain significantly associated with vaccine acceptance, showing a higher acceptance rate among health care workers ( = 0.009). "Afraid of unknown side effects" was the most commonly reported barrier to vaccination ( = 0.33).
CONCLUSION
The vaccine acceptance rate is low, and public health authorities and the government in Sudan have a heavy mission for implementing successful vaccination programs with high coverage.
背景
COVID-19 是一种由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的呼吸道疾病，这是一种 2019 年 12 月在中国发现的新型冠状病毒。COVID-19 的症状与病毒性流感相似，但可能更严重，这些症状可以通过疫苗预防，目前分布最广的 6 种候选疫苗是辉瑞、BioNTech、莫德纳、强生/杨森、阿斯利康、国药、科兴。在苏丹，该病毒在该国迅速传播，截至 2021 年 7 月 21 日，共确诊 37138 例，死亡 2776 例。我们的目标人群是卫生工作者、医学生和公众，以评估他们在苏丹对 COVID-19 疫苗的行为，了解他们行为的决定因素，并确定增加他们对疫苗接受度的因素。
方法
我们在 7 月和 8 月在苏丹进行了一项预测试的横断面在线调查，涉及卫生工作者、医学生和公众。我们通过将调查发送到社交媒体平台（如 Facebook 和 WhatsApp）来收集数据。调查是匿名进行的，没有与身份相关的数据。我们同时使用便利抽样和滚雪球抽样方法，因为要求参与者将调查链接转发给他们的联系人。使用斯洛文公式计算样本量，我们估计样本量为 400。
结果
在我们的 400 名参与者中，36.8%（=147）为男性，63.2%（=253）为女性，参与者的平均年龄为 24.17±8.07。总体疫苗接种率为 48.2%（=193），“职业”是唯一与疫苗接种接受度显著相关的社会人口学领域，显示出卫生工作者的更高接受率（=0.009）。“害怕未知的副作用”是接种疫苗最常报告的障碍（=0.33）。
结论
疫苗接种率较低，苏丹的公共卫生当局和政府有一项艰巨的任务，要实施高覆盖率的成功疫苗接种计划。
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