Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Research Unit in Physical Anthropology and Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum-Thani, Thailand.
Faculty of medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
Vaccine. 2023 Feb 17;41(8):1480-1489. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.029. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, several vaccines received approval for children aged 18 or younger. Parents' decisions to accept vaccines play an important role in the success of vaccination campaigns. The Health Belief Model (HBM) may explain its association with vaccine acceptance. This study examined parents' Pfizer-BioNTech and Sinopharm vaccine acceptance for their children and its association with HBM.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2022 using an online survey. Respondents were parents of children aged 5-18 in public and private schools. The multistage random sampling technique was used to choose schools and respondents. Multivariable analysis was conducted to examine the association between vaccine acceptance and HBM.
The response rate was 55 %. Of 1,056 respondents, 80.1 % were female, with a mean age of 41, and 95.8 % were not health professionals. Pfizer-BioNTech had a greater acceptance rate than Sinopharm (90 % v.s. 36 %). The Multivariable analysis shows that perceived benefits (aOR = 25.30, 95 %CI = 10.02-63.89 and aOR = 17.94, 95 %CI = 9.56-33.66 for Pfizer-BioNTech and Sinopharm, respectively) and perceived barriers (aOR = 0.06, 95 %CI = 0.01-0.50 and aOR = 0.20, 95 %CI = 0.11-0.40 for Pfizer-BioNTech and Sinopharm, respectively) were associated with vaccine acceptance for both vaccines. Education was associated with Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine acceptance (aOR = 0.96, 95 %CI 0.71-1.29).
The respondents were more confident in Pfizer-BioNTech than Sinopharm. Perceived barriers and perceived benefits were strongly associated with the respondents' vaccine acceptance for both vaccines. During epidemics and pandemics, the government needs vaccines with high efficacy and safety for a higher chance of parents' vaccine acceptance. Future research should examine vaccine costs as perceived barriers for a newly out-of-pocket developed vaccine.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，几种疫苗获得了 18 岁以下儿童的批准。父母对接种疫苗的决定对疫苗接种活动的成功起着重要作用。健康信念模型（HBM）可以解释其与疫苗接种接受度的关联。本研究调查了父母对其子女接种辉瑞-生物技术公司和科兴疫苗的接受程度及其与 HBM 的关联。
本研究于 2022 年 3 月采用在线调查进行了横断面研究。调查对象为公立和私立学校 5-18 岁儿童的家长。采用多阶段随机抽样技术选择学校和调查对象。多变量分析用于检验疫苗接种接受度与 HBM 之间的关联。
应答率为 55%。在 1056 名受访者中，80.1%为女性，平均年龄为 41 岁，95.8%非卫生专业人员。辉瑞-生物技术公司的接种率高于科兴（90%比 36%）。多变量分析显示，感知益处（对于辉瑞-生物技术公司和科兴，分别为 aOR=25.30，95%CI=10.02-63.89 和 aOR=17.94，95%CI=9.56-33.66）和感知障碍（aOR=0.06，95%CI=0.01-0.50 和 aOR=0.20，95%CI=0.11-0.40 对于辉瑞-生物技术公司和科兴，分别）与两种疫苗的疫苗接种接受度相关。教育与辉瑞-生物技术公司的疫苗接种接受度相关（aOR=0.96，95%CI 0.71-1.29）。
与科兴相比，受访者对辉瑞-生物技术公司更有信心。感知障碍和感知益处与受访者对两种疫苗的疫苗接种接受度密切相关。在流行和大流行期间，政府需要具有高疗效和安全性的疫苗，以提高父母对接种疫苗的接受度。未来的研究应将疫苗成本作为新的自费开发疫苗的感知障碍进行研究。
