AgriLife Extension Unit of Family & Community Health, Texas A&M University System, College Station, Texas, USA
Health Promotion, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
BMJ Open. 2022 Oct 27;12(10):e062987. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062987.
To examine differences in rural community children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and participation in out-of-school activities from fall 2019 to fall 2020 and explore enacted PA opportunity modifications post initial COVID-19 disruption.
Mixed methods study using the validated Youth Activity Profile (YAP), administrator reports and stakeholder surveys and semistructured interviews.
Children and community stakeholders from one rural US Great Plains community in the state of Nebraska were recruited.
Third through fifth graders in fall 2019 (n=144) and fall 2020 (n=174) reported MVPA and participation in out-of-school activities using the YAP. School administrators reported weekly physical education (PE) and recess minutes. Community stakeholders reported pandemic-related changes in community social structures in semistructured interviews (n4) and surveys (n=19).
Average daily MVPA minutes increased from 2019 to 2020 (75.0 vs 81.3, SE=1.6, p<0.05). Minutes of MVPA increased during: school hours (MD=2.7, SE=0.5, p<0.5); out-of-school time on weekdays (MD=3.9, SE=1.3, p<0.5); and on weekends (MD=5.5, SE=2.4, p<0.5). On average, fewer children participated in youth sport (42.5% vs 47.2%), youth clubs (10.3% vs 16.0%) and other out-of-school activities (24.1% vs 38.2%) in 2020, compared with 2019. Weekly PE/recess minutes increased from 208.3 to 241.7 from 2019 to 2020. Stakeholder surveys revealed community-driven modifications to PA opportunities, and interviews suggested children played outside more frequently, especially when school was closed and out-of-school activities were shut down.
Increased minutes of PE and recess, and decreased out-of-school activity participation may have increased children's overall free play and MVPA during the pandemic. Free play was an important contributor to children's PA during the pandemic and should be prioritised by educators, coaches and other leaders of child PA opportunities.
NCT03380143.
从 2019 年秋季到 2020 年秋季，研究农村社区儿童的中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）和课外参与的差异，并探讨在最初的 COVID-19 中断后，对身体活动机会进行调整的情况。
使用经过验证的青少年活动概况（YAP）、管理员报告和利益相关者调查以及半结构化访谈进行混合方法研究。
内布拉斯加州美国大平原地区一个农村社区的儿童和社区利益相关者被招募。
2019 年秋季（n=144）和 2020 年秋季（n=174）的三至五年级学生使用 YAP 报告中等到剧烈的身体活动和课外参与情况。学校管理员报告每周的体育课（PE）和课间休息时间。社区利益相关者在半结构化访谈（n4）和调查（n=19）中报告了与大流行相关的社区社会结构变化。
从 2019 年到 2020 年，平均每天的中等到剧烈的身体活动时间增加（75.0 分钟对 81.3 分钟，SE=1.6，p<0.05）。在以下时间段内，MVPA 时间增加：上课时间（MD=2.7，SE=0.5，p<0.5）；工作日校外时间（MD=3.9，SE=1.3，p<0.5）；周末（MD=5.5，SE=2.4，p<0.5）。与 2019 年相比，2020 年平均有较少的儿童参加青年运动（42.5%对 47.2%）、青年俱乐部（10.3%对 16.0%）和其他课外活动（24.1%对 38.2%）。从 2019 年到 2020 年，每周体育课/课间休息时间从 208.3 分钟增加到 241.7 分钟。利益相关者调查显示，社区驱动的 PA 机会发生了变化，访谈表明，当学校关闭和校外活动关闭时，儿童更频繁地在户外玩耍。
体育课和课间休息时间的增加，以及校外活动参与度的下降，可能会增加儿童在大流行期间的总体自由玩耍和中等到剧烈的身体活动。自由玩耍是儿童大流行期间身体活动的一个重要贡献者，应该受到教育工作者、教练和其他儿童身体活动机会领导者的重视。
NCT03380143。
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