Molecular characterization of spp. from seropositive herds of cattle farmed at the wildlife-livestock-human interface in Rwanda.

Seroprevalence studies showed that brucellosis is prevalent in cattle in Rwanda with no recent study on the characterization of spp. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize spp. in seropositive herds of cattle farmed at the wildlife-livestock-human interface. Whole blood samples ( = 118), milk ( = 41), and vaginal swabs ( = 51) were collected from 64 seropositive herds. All samples ( = 210) were inoculated onto modified Centro de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (CITA) selective medium. Cultures were analyzed to detect spp. using 16S-23S ribosomal DNA interspacer region (ITS) PCR, the cultures were speciated using AMOS and Bruce-ladder PCR assays. spp. were detected in 16.7% (35/210) of the samples established from the samples using ITS-PCR. The AMOS PCR assay identified mixed and ( = 6), ( = 7), and ( = 1) from cultures from blood samples; mixed and ( = 1) and ( = 4) from cultures from milk samples; mixed and ( = 6), ( = 8), and ( = 1) from cultures from vaginal swabs. Bruce-ladder PCR assay confirmed and cultures. The isolation of spp. was significantly associated with districts, with the Nyagatare district having more isolates than other districts ( = 0.01). This study identified single or mixed infections in cattle samples in Rwanda, which emphasizes the need to improve brucellosis control at the wildlife-livestock-human interface and raise the awareness of cattle keepers, abattoir workers, laboratory personnel, and consumers of cattle products.