Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, U.P, India.
Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College Campus, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 Feb 10;302(Pt A):115849. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115849. Epub 2022 Oct 25.
The present work is based on a wide spectrum of evidences available from scientific literature which reflects nutritional and medicinal values of natural products such as plants and their extracts. Moringa oleifera is one such popular plant species amidst indigenous tribal communities which is frequently used to treat ailments such as piles, sore throat, eye and ear infections and even poisonous bites of tropical fauna such as insects or snakes. Furthermore decoction of leaf and bark was used to cure fever and cough. Evidences further reveal that Moringa oleifera L. (Family Moringaceae), is widely distributed not only over the Indian sub-continent, but also over Philippines, Central America, Saudi Arabia and the Caribbean Islands and have been traditionally used to treat cancers since ancient times. However, therapeutic effects of Moringa oleifera on Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) are yet to be established.
The study aims to investigate the anti-cancer effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against murine NHL Non-Hodgkin cells in vitro and in vivo.
The pharmacologically active compounds of Moringa oleifera leaf extract were identified by GC-HRMS analysis. Tests of Moringa oleifera leaf extract's cytotoxicity against DL cells were carried out using the MTT assay. Chromatin condensation along with other morphological alterations were visualized through Fluorescence microscopy. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), the cell cycle, and apoptosis were analysed through flow cytometer. We tried to identify proteins involved in apoptosis and cell cycle through Western blotting using BALB/c mice as a model organism.
GC-HRMS study revealed that a methanol based leaf extract of Moringa oleifera (MOML) comprises of a variety of bioactive chemicals. Our results indicate that MOML successfully reduced the proliferation of DL cells by lowering ΔΨm, changing overall cell morphology. DL cells treated with MOML showed arrested cell cycle at the G2/M phase and substantially up-regulated the expression of p53 and p21. Elevated levels of Bax, Cyt-c, and Caspase-3 and lowered expression levels of Bcl-2 protein suggested induction of apoptosis. Mechanistically, the anticancer efficacy of MOML is attributed to MEK/ERK-mediated pathway inactivation in DL cells. It is also interesting to note that MOML-mediated inhibition of DL growth was accompanied by apoptosis induction and improvement in hematological parameters in DL-bearing mice.
Our finding suggested that MOML induces apoptosis and abrogates the growth of Dalton's lymphoma both in vitro and in vivo.
本工作基于科学文献中广泛的证据，反映了天然产物（如植物及其提取物）的营养和药用价值。辣木是土著部落社区中一种常见的植物物种，常用于治疗痔疮、喉咙痛、眼耳感染，甚至热带动物（如昆虫或蛇）的有毒咬伤。此外，叶子和树皮的煎剂被用于治疗发烧和咳嗽。有证据进一步表明，辣木（辣木科）不仅广泛分布于印度次大陆，还分布于菲律宾、中美洲、沙特阿拉伯和加勒比海岛屿，自古以来就被传统用于治疗癌症。然而，辣木对非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）的治疗效果尚待确定。
本研究旨在探讨辣木叶提取物对体外和体内鼠非霍奇金淋巴瘤 NHL 非霍奇金细胞的抗癌作用。
通过 GC-HRMS 分析鉴定辣木叶提取物的药理活性化合物。用 MTT 法检测辣木叶提取物对 DL 细胞的细胞毒性。荧光显微镜观察染色质凝聚和其他形态改变。通过流式细胞仪分析线粒体膜电位（ΔΨm）、细胞周期和细胞凋亡的变化。我们试图通过使用 BALB/c 小鼠作为模型生物的 Western blot 鉴定参与细胞凋亡和细胞周期的蛋白质。
GC-HRMS 研究表明，辣木叶甲醇提取物（MOML）含有多种生物活性化学物质。我们的结果表明，MOML 通过降低 ΔΨm 成功降低了 DL 细胞的增殖，改变了整体细胞形态。用 MOML 处理的 DL 细胞显示细胞周期停滞在 G2/M 期，p53 和 p21 的表达显著上调。Bax、Cyt-c 和 Caspase-3 的表达水平升高，Bcl-2 蛋白的表达水平降低，提示诱导细胞凋亡。从机制上讲，MOML 的抗癌功效归因于 MEK/ERK 介导的途径在 DL 细胞中的失活。有趣的是，还注意到 MOML 介导的 DL 生长抑制伴随着凋亡诱导和改善 DL 荷瘤小鼠的血液学参数。
我们的发现表明，MOML 可在体外和体内诱导凋亡并抑制道尔顿淋巴瘤的生长。
