Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Western Campus, P. O. Box 71, Ishaka, Bushenyi, Uganda.
Mol Biol Rep. 2021 May;48(5):4465-4475. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06466-y. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
Moringa oleifera is a well-known medicinal plant which has anti-cancer and other biological activities. This research aims to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of M. oleifera leave extract on the breast cancer (MCF7) cells. The extracts were prepared using hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform and n-butanol by fractionating the crude 80% methanol extract of the plant leaves. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts on MCF7 cells were determined using CellTiter 96® AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation (MTS) assay. The apoptosis study was conducted using Annexin V-FITC analysis and confirmed by Western blotting using selected proteins, which are p53, Bax, cytochrome c and caspase 8. Our results showed that the dichloromethane (DF-CME-MOL) extract was selectively cytotoxic to MCF7 cells (5 μg/mL) without significantly inhibiting the non-cancerous breast (MCF 10A) cells. It had the highest selectivity index (SI) value of 9.5 among the tested extracts. It also induced early apoptosis and increased the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, caspase 8 and p53 in MCF7 cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) analysis showed that the major compounds found in DF-CME-MOL were benzeneacetonitrile, 4-hydroxy- and benzeneacetic acid, 4-hydroxy-, methyl ester among others that were detected. Thus, DF-CME-MOL extract was found to inhibit the proliferation of MCF7 cells by apoptosis induction, which is likely due to the activities of the detected phytochemical compounds of the extract.
辣木是一种具有抗癌等生物活性的药用植物。本研究旨在确定辣木叶提取物对乳腺癌（MCF7）细胞的细胞毒性和凋亡作用。提取物是通过分馏植物叶片 80%甲醇粗提物用正己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿和正丁醇制备的。采用 CellTiter 96®AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation（MTS）assay 测定提取物对 MCF7 细胞的细胞毒性作用。采用 Annexin V-FITC 分析进行凋亡研究，并使用选定的蛋白质（p53、Bax、细胞色素 c 和 caspase 8）通过 Western blot 进行验证。我们的结果表明，二氯甲烷（DF-CME-MOL）提取物对 MCF7 细胞具有选择性细胞毒性（5μg/mL），而对非癌性乳腺（MCF 10A）细胞没有明显抑制作用。它在测试的提取物中具有最高的选择性指数（SI）值 9.5。它还诱导 MCF7 细胞早期凋亡并增加促凋亡蛋白 Bax、caspase 8 和 p53 的表达。气相色谱-质谱分析（GC-MS）分析表明，DF-CME-MOL 中发现的主要化合物有苯乙腈、4-羟基-和苯乙酸、4-羟基-甲酯等。因此，DF-CME-MOL 提取物通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制 MCF7 细胞的增殖，这可能是由于提取物中检测到的植物化学化合物的活性所致。
