Suhrab Muhammad, Soomro Jahangeer Ahmed, Ullah Saif, Chavara Javeed
Business Administration Department, Ilma University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Management, Technology and Information Systems, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(9):22985-22991. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23761-8. Epub 2022 Oct 29.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of GDP, urbanization, trade openness, financial development, and renewable energy consumption on CO emissions in Pakistan using yearly time series data from 1985 to 2018. The study utilized the cointegration technique and Granger causality for empirical estimation. The results of the study indicated that urbanization, financial development, and trade openness upsurge CO emission. Whereas using renewable energy resources is favorable for the environment and possesses negative relation with CO emission. All variables possess long-run relation with Co emission. Granger causality shows unidirectional causality from GDP and renewable energy to CO emission. The study contains insight for policymakers in Pakistan with beneficial policy recommendations to work toward a sustainable green environment.
本研究的目的是利用1985年至2018年的年度时间序列数据，分析国内生产总值、城市化、贸易开放度、金融发展和可再生能源消费对巴基斯坦二氧化碳排放的影响。该研究采用协整技术和格兰杰因果关系进行实证估计。研究结果表明，城市化、金融发展和贸易开放度会增加二氧化碳排放。而使用可再生能源资源对环境有利，且与二氧化碳排放呈负相关。所有变量与二氧化碳排放都存在长期关系。格兰杰因果关系表明，国内生产总值和可再生能源与二氧化碳排放之间存在单向因果关系。该研究为巴基斯坦的政策制定者提供了见解，并提出了有益的政策建议，以朝着可持续的绿色环境努力。
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