Mihalopoulos Meredith, Yaghoubian Alan, Razdan Shirin, Khusid Johnathan A, Mehrazin Reza, Badani Ketan K, Sfakianos John P, Atallah William M, Tewari Ashutosh K, Wiklund Peter, Gupta Mantu, Kyprianou Natasha
Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY 10029, USA.
Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY 10029, USA.
Am J Clin Exp Urol. 2022 Oct 15;10(5):277-298. eCollection 2022.
Kidney stones are one of the most common renal pathologies. While emerging evidence has implicated a potential association between kidney stones and upper urinary tract cancers (including renal cancer), there is limited understanding as to the common underlying biological pathways functionally linking the etiology of kidney stone formation and the incidence, development, and progression of urinary tract cancers. From a clinical perspective, kidney stone disease can be a barrier to oncologic care due to renal obstruction. From the epidemiological perspective, risk factors associated with both conditions include smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and gender. Herein, we review the association between renal calculi and malignancy of the upper urinary tract and discuss the current understanding of (a) potential shared mechanisms, and (b) the impact this has on shared therapeutic management of both conditions.
肾结石是最常见的肾脏疾病之一。虽然新出现的证据表明肾结石与上尿路癌症（包括肾癌）之间可能存在关联，但对于将肾结石形成病因与尿路癌症的发生、发展和进展功能联系起来的共同潜在生物学途径，人们了解有限。从临床角度来看，肾结石疾病可能因肾梗阻而成为肿瘤治疗的障碍。从流行病学角度来看，与这两种疾病相关的风险因素包括吸烟、饮酒、饮食和性别。在此，我们综述肾结石与上尿路恶性肿瘤之间的关联，并讨论对（a）潜在共同机制以及（b）这对两种疾病共同治疗管理的影响的当前认识。
