Clarke Elaine N, Norman Paul, Thompson Andrew R
Centre for Behavioural Science and Applied Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Oct 13;9:974816. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.974816. eCollection 2022.
Skin conditions can greatly impact people's lives, but greater understanding of the processes involved in positive adjustment is required. Self-compassion has strong links to wellbeing and adaptive functioning and therefore may play an important role in adjustment to skin conditions.
Template analysis was used to explore how self-compassion operates in people living with skin conditions, with reference to existing theories of self-compassion.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with highly self-compassionate people with chronic skin conditions ( = 10). Theoretical models of self-compassion were used in the development of the initial template and interview schedule. Participants were purposively selected on the basis of having high scores on a measure of self-compassion.
Participants reported a variety of ongoing skin-related difficulties and their ways of managing these. Sensitivity to distress and care for wellbeing were identified as foundation themes: necessary components of a compassionate response to distress. Eleven types of difficulty-management strategies built upon these foundation themes: empathy, non-judgement, distress tolerance, self-kindness, mindful attention, perspective-taking, self-talk, self-care, using social support, concealment, and idiosyncratic coping strategies.
Components of self-compassion helped people adjust to chronic skin conditions in a wide variety of ways, indicating that psychological adjustment is not a simple, linear process. Sometimes compassionate responses occurred automatically and sometimes with deliberate effort. Further research on compassion-based interventions for people with skin conditions is warranted.
皮肤状况会对人们的生活产生重大影响，但需要更深入地了解积极调整过程中所涉及的机制。自我同情与幸福感和适应性功能密切相关，因此可能在皮肤状况的调整中发挥重要作用。
采用模板分析法，参照现有的自我同情理论，探讨自我同情在患有皮肤疾病的人群中是如何发挥作用的。
对10名患有慢性皮肤疾病且具有高度自我同情的人进行了半结构式访谈。自我同情的理论模型被用于初始模板和访谈提纲的制定。参与者是基于在自我同情量表上得分较高而被有目的地挑选出来的。
参与者报告了各种持续存在的与皮肤相关的困难以及他们应对这些困难的方式。对痛苦的敏感和对幸福感的关注被确定为基础主题：对痛苦产生同情反应的必要组成部分。基于这些基础主题形成了11种困难管理策略：同理心、非评判、痛苦耐受、自我仁慈、正念关注、换位思考、自我对话、自我照顾、利用社会支持、隐瞒和独特的应对策略。
自我同情的组成部分以多种方式帮助人们适应慢性皮肤状况，这表明心理调整不是一个简单的线性过程。有时同情反应是自动发生的，有时则需要刻意努力。有必要对针对皮肤疾病患者的基于同情的干预措施进行进一步研究。
