Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK.
Langford Vets Small Animal Referral Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
J Vet Intern Med. 2022 Nov;36(6):1900-1912. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16576. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
The natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats has been mainly studied in cats referred for suspected heart disease, which can skew the results towards cats with clinical signs. Few data are available on factors associated with development of HCM in cats.
(1) Clinical variables can predict which cats will develop HCM; (2) HCM in cats not referred for suspected heart disease is associated with a low rate of cardiovascular events.
One hundred seven cats from rehoming centers without a history of clinical signs of cardiac or systemic disease at the time of adoption.
Prospective longitudinal study. After rehoming, shelter cats were reexamined for serial echocardiograms. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of development of HCM in cats that were normal at baseline. Adverse cardiovascular events including heart failure, thromboembolism, or sudden death were recorded.
Cats were monitored for a median of 5.6 [1.2-9.2] years. At baseline, 68/107 cats were normal, 18/107 were equivocal and 21/107 had HCM. Nineteen cats developed HCM during the study period. The factors at baseline associated with increased hazard of developing HCM were lower left atrial fractional shortening, higher left ventricular fractional shortening, and higher body weight. Cardiovascular events were observed in 21% of cats with HCM.
Cardiovascular events were common in cats with HCM from a rehoming center study sample. Lower left atrial systolic function appears to precede overt HCM.
猫肥厚型心肌病（HCM）的自然病史主要在因疑似心脏病就诊的猫中进行研究，这可能导致结果偏向于有临床症状的猫。关于与猫 HCM 发展相关的因素，仅有少量数据。
（1）临床变量可预测哪些猫会发生 HCM；（2）未因疑似心脏病就诊的猫的 HCM 与心血管事件发生率低有关。
107 只来自收容所的猫，在领养时没有心脏病或全身性疾病的临床症状史。
前瞻性纵向研究。在领养后，对收容所的猫进行了一系列超声心动图复查。使用 Cox 回归分析来确定基线正常的猫发生 HCM 的预测因素。记录了包括心力衰竭、血栓栓塞或猝死在内的不良心血管事件。
猫的监测中位数为 5.6 [1.2-9.2] 年。基线时，107 只猫中有 68 只是正常的，18 只是不确定的，21 只是 HCM。在研究期间，19 只猫患上了 HCM。与发生 HCM 的风险增加相关的基线因素包括左心房分数缩短率较低、左心室分数缩短率较高和体重较高。21%的 HCM 猫出现了心血管事件。
在收容所研究样本中，患有 HCM 的猫常见心血管事件。左心房收缩功能降低似乎先于明显的 HCM。
