School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Physiol Behav. 2023 Jan 1;258:114009. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114009. Epub 2022 Oct 29.
Three-dimensional multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) has been used in various fields to mimic real-life tracking, especially in perceptual-cognitive skills training for soccer. Yet, the learning efficiency in 3D-MOT tasks has not been compared with 2D-MOT. Further, whether the advantage can be reflected by heart rate variability (HRV) based on the neurovisceral integration model should also be examined. Therefore, we used both 2D- and 3D-MOT in a brief adaptive task procedure for adolescent female soccer players with HRV measurement. A faster tracking speed threshold of participants was found in the 3D- compared to 2D-MOT, as well as average tracking speed in the last training period of 3D-MOT. Moreover, lower low frequency (LF) components of HRV in the 3D-MOT indicated a flow experience, demonstrating the provision of more attentional resources. Therefore, we observed that adolescent female soccer players demonstrated higher learning efficiency in 3D-MOT tasks in virtual reality (VR) through a higher flow experience. This study examined the learning efficiency between the two MOT tasks in the soccer domain using evidence from HRV and highlighted the utility and applicability of 3D-MOT application.
三维多目标跟踪 (3D-MOT) 已被应用于各个领域以模拟真实的跟踪场景，尤其是在足球的感知认知技能训练中。然而，3D-MOT 任务的学习效率尚未与 2D-MOT 进行比较。此外，还应根据神经内脏整合模型，通过心率变异性 (HRV) 来检验这种优势是否可以得到体现。因此，我们在青少年女性足球运动员的 HRV 测量中使用了 2D 和 3D-MOT 进行简短的自适应任务程序。结果发现，与 2D-MOT 相比，参与者在 3D-MOT 中的跟踪速度更快，且在 3D-MOT 的最后训练阶段的平均跟踪速度也更快。此外，3D-MOT 中的 HRV 低频 (LF) 成分较低，表明体验到了流畅性，这表明提供了更多的注意力资源。因此，我们观察到，青少年女性足球运动员在虚拟现实 (VR) 中通过更高的流畅体验，在 3D-MOT 任务中表现出更高的学习效率。本研究通过 HRV 证据检验了足球领域中这两种 MOT 任务的学习效率，并强调了 3D-MOT 应用的实用性和适用性。
