Lohr Christian
Institute of Cell and Systems Biology of Animals, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Neuropharmacology. 2023 Feb 1;223:109311. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109311. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
Astrocytes are active constituents of the brain that manage ion homeostasis and metabolic support of neurons and directly tune synaptic transmission and plasticity. Astrocytes express all known P2Y receptors. These regulate a multitude of physiological functions such as cell proliferation, Ca signalling, gliotransmitter release and neurovascular coupling. In addition, P2Y receptors are fundamental in the transition of astrocytes into reactive astrocytes, as occurring in many brain disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation and epilepsy. This review summarizes the current literature addressing the function of P2Y receptors in astrocytes in the healthy brain as well as in brain diseases.
星形胶质细胞是大脑的活跃组成部分，负责管理离子稳态和为神经元提供代谢支持，并直接调节突触传递和可塑性。星形胶质细胞表达所有已知的P2Y受体。这些受体调节多种生理功能，如细胞增殖、钙信号传导、神经胶质递质释放和神经血管耦合。此外，P2Y受体在星形胶质细胞向反应性星形胶质细胞的转变中起关键作用，这种转变发生在许多脑部疾病中，如神经退行性疾病、神经炎症和癫痫。本综述总结了目前关于P2Y受体在健康大脑以及脑部疾病中的星形胶质细胞功能的文献。
