Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clin Chim Acta. 2022 Dec 1;537:127-132. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.10.018. Epub 2022 Oct 29.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of mortality among men. The recurrent reports of false-positive results of common PCa biomarkers have led to the introduction of some promising biomarkers for PCa, such as exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Exosomes contain various components, such as several ncRNAs (miRNAs and lncRNAs), which are important in the initiation and progression of PCa. These ncRNAs also reflect the state of the origin cell. In this article, we reviewed research on the importance and roles of ncRNAs in PCa, focusing on exosomal ncRNAs. We highlighted plasma exosomal miRNAs (8 miRNAs), urine exosomal miRNAs (19miRNAs), serum miRNAs (2 miRNAs), and five miRNAs in semen used for PCa diagnosis. Also, four exosomal lncRNAs in plasma and urine can be used as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性中第二大常见癌症和第五大主要死亡原因。常见的 PCa 生物标志物假阳性结果的反复报告导致了一些有前途的 PCa 生物标志物的引入，例如外泌体非编码 RNA（ncRNA）。外泌体包含多种成分，如几种 ncRNA（miRNA 和 lncRNA），这些成分在 PCa 的发生和发展中起着重要作用。这些 ncRNA 还反映了起源细胞的状态。在本文中，我们综述了 ncRNA 在 PCa 中的重要性和作用，重点关注外泌体 ncRNA。我们强调了用于 PCa 诊断的血浆外泌体 miRNA（8 个 miRNA）、尿外泌体 miRNA（19 个 miRNA）、血清 miRNA（2 个 miRNA）和精液中的 5 个 miRNA。此外，血浆和尿液中的 4 个外泌体 lncRNA 可作为 PCa 诊断的生物标志物。
