BioPlasma Research Group, School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland; FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Drug Discov Today. 2023 Feb;28(2):103426. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103426. Epub 2022 Nov 1.
This review focuses on recent advances in 3D culture systems that promise more accurate therapeutic models of the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor microenvironment (TME), such as the unique anatomical, cellular, and molecular features evident in human GBM. The key components of a GBM TME are outlined, including microbiomes, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), infiltrating parenchymal and peripheral immune cells and molecules, and chemical gradients. 3D culture systems are evaluated against 2D culture systems and in vivo animal models. The main 3D culture techniques available are compared, with an emphasis on identifying key gaps in knowledge for the development of suitable platforms to accurately model the intricate components of the GBM TME.
这篇综述专注于 3D 培养系统的最新进展，这些系统有望为多形性胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 肿瘤微环境 (TME) 建立更精确的治疗模型，例如在人类 GBM 中明显存在的独特的解剖、细胞和分子特征。概述了 GBM TME 的关键组成部分，包括微生物组、血管、细胞外基质 (ECM)、浸润性实质和外周免疫细胞和分子以及化学梯度。3D 培养系统与 2D 培养系统和体内动物模型进行了评估。对现有的主要 3D 培养技术进行了比较，重点是确定在开发合适的平台以准确模拟 GBM TME 复杂成分方面的知识空白。
