Sithirungson Suchanya, Sonsuwan Nuntigar, Chattipakorn Siriporn C, Chattipakorn Nipon, Shinlapawittayatorn Krekwit
Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Sleep Med. 2023 Jan;101:40-49. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.10.016. Epub 2022 Oct 23.
Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder. Repetitive episodes of the obstructive respiratory events lead to arousal, sleep fragmentation, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Orexin, also known as hypocretin, is one of the most important neurotransmitters responsible for sleep and arousal regulation. Deficiency of orexin has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy, which shares cardinal symptoms of sleep apnea and excessive daytime sleep with obstructive sleep apnea. However, the relationship between orexin and obstructive sleep apnea is not well defined. In this review, we summarize the current evidence, from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical data, regarding the association between orexin and obstructive sleep apnea. The effects of orexin on sleep apnea, as well as how the consequences of obstructive sleep apnea affect the orexin system function are also discussed. Additionally, the contrary findings are also included and discussed.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是最常见的与睡眠相关的呼吸障碍。阻塞性呼吸事件的反复发作会导致觉醒、睡眠片段化和日间过度嗜睡。食欲素，也称为下丘脑泌素，是负责睡眠和觉醒调节的最重要神经递质之一。食欲素缺乏已被证明与发作性睡病的发病机制有关，发作性睡病与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停有共同的主要症状，即睡眠呼吸暂停和日间过度嗜睡。然而，食欲素与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停之间的关系尚未明确界定。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前来自体外、体内和临床数据的证据，这些证据涉及食欲素与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停之间的关联。还讨论了食欲素对睡眠呼吸暂停的影响，以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的后果如何影响食欲素系统功能。此外，相反的研究结果也被纳入并进行了讨论。
