Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Feb 5;443(Pt B):130288. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130288. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
Increasing investigations explore the effects of plastic pollutants on bacterial communities, diversity, and functioning in various ecosystems. However, the impact of microplastics (MPs) on the eukaryotic community, microbial assemblages, and interactions is still limited. Here, we investigated bacterial and micro-eukaryotic communities and functioning in soils with different concentrations of phenol formaldehyde-associated MPs (PF-MPs), and revealed the factors, such as soil properties, microbial community assembly, and interactions between microbes, influencing them. Our results showed that a high concentration (1%) of PF-MPs decreased the microbial interactions and the contribution of deterministic processes to the community assembly of microbes, and consequently changed the communities of bacteria, but not eukaryotes. A significant and negative relationship was determined between NO emission rate and functional genes related to nitrification, indicating that the competitive interactions between functional microbes would affect the nitrogen cycling of soil ecosystem. We further found that vegetable biomass weakly decreased in treatments with a higher concentration of PF-MPs and positively related to the diversity of micro-eukaryotic communities and functional diversity of bacterial communities. These results suggest that a high concentration of the PF-MPs would influence crop growth by changing microbial communities, interactions, and eukaryotic and functional diversity. Our findings provide important evidence for agriculture management of phenol formaldehyde and suggest that we must consider their threats to microbial community compositions, diversity, and assemblage in soils due to the accumulation of PF-MPs widely used in the field.
越来越多的研究探索了塑料污染物对各种生态系统中细菌群落、多样性和功能的影响。然而，微塑料（MPs）对真核生物群落、微生物组合和相互作用的影响仍然有限。在这里，我们研究了不同浓度酚醛树脂相关 MPs（PF-MPs）土壤中的细菌和微真核生物群落及其功能，并揭示了土壤特性、微生物群落组装以及微生物之间相互作用等因素对它们的影响。我们的结果表明，高浓度（1%）的 PF-MPs 降低了微生物相互作用和确定性过程对微生物群落组装的贡献，从而改变了细菌群落，但不改变真核生物群落。NO 排放速率与硝化功能基因呈显著负相关，表明功能微生物之间的竞争相互作用会影响土壤生态系统的氮循环。我们进一步发现，高浓度 PF-MPs 处理下的蔬菜生物量较弱，与微真核生物群落的多样性和细菌群落的功能多样性呈正相关。这些结果表明，高浓度的 PF-MPs 通过改变微生物群落、相互作用以及真核生物和功能多样性来影响作物生长。我们的研究结果为酚醛树脂的农业管理提供了重要证据，并表明由于广泛应用于田间的 PF-MPs 的积累，我们必须考虑它们对土壤中微生物群落组成、多样性和组装的威胁。
