Cheong Yu Eun, Kim Jungyeon, Jin Yong-Su, Kim Kyoung Heon
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
J Biotechnol. 2022 Dec 10;360:110-116. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.11.002. Epub 2022 Nov 4.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is one of the most widely used probiotics because of its health benefits and safety. Fucose is among the most abundant hexoses in the human intestine, and LGG consumes fucose to produce energy or proliferate. However, no study has elucidated the metabolism by which LGG metabolizes fucose to produce energy, biomass, and extracellular metabolites. We used metabolomics and flux balance analysis to elucidate these mechanisms and highlight how they might affect the host. We found three different metabolic flux modes by which LGG anaerobically metabolizes fucose to produce energy and biomass. These metabolic flux modes differ from homolactic or heterolactic fermentation and account for the production of lactic acid, 1,2-propanediol, acetic acid, formic acid, and carbon dioxide as a result of fucose metabolism in LGG. We also used gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify a variety of short-chain fatty acids and organic acids secreted during fucose metabolism by LGG. Our study is the first to elucidate the unique fucose metabolism of LGG in anaerobic condition.
鼠李糖乳杆菌GG（LGG）是应用最为广泛的益生菌之一，因其对健康有益且安全。岩藻糖是人类肠道中含量最为丰富的己糖之一，LGG可利用岩藻糖来产生能量或进行增殖。然而，尚无研究阐明LGG代谢岩藻糖以产生能量、生物量和细胞外代谢物的代谢过程。我们利用代谢组学和通量平衡分析来阐明这些机制，并突出它们可能如何影响宿主。我们发现了三种不同的代谢通量模式，通过这些模式LGG在厌氧条件下代谢岩藻糖以产生能量和生物量。这些代谢通量模式不同于同型乳酸发酵或异型乳酸发酵，并且解释了LGG中岩藻糖代谢产生乳酸、1,2 - 丙二醇、乙酸、甲酸和二氧化碳的原因。我们还使用气相色谱/飞行时间质谱法鉴定了LGG在岩藻糖代谢过程中分泌的多种短链脂肪酸和有机酸。我们的研究首次阐明了LGG在厌氧条件下独特的岩藻糖代谢过程。
