Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Berwick, Victoria, Australia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Nov;30(8):4274-4284. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13882. Epub 2022 Nov 23.
This review aims to identify the factors influencing the transition and retention of mental health nurses during the initial years of practice, recognize gaps in the literature and propose evidence-based strategies.
Mental health is a challenging specialty; recruitment, transition and retention of mental health nurses are known issues of concern.
The present study undertakes a scoping review to identify factors influencing the transition and retention of mental health nurses during the initial years of practice and the gaps in that research domain. A literature search was conducted using electronic databases. To gain an understanding of the topic of interest, the review of the literature extended from 2000 to 2022.
Existing evidence focuses on specific perspectives of transition. There is limited literature on factors influencing transition and retention among mental health nurses. Findings suggested that personal and professional factors could influence the transition and retention of mental health nurses during the initial years of practice. The main themes identified were personal attributes and professional factors with a number of subthemes.
The scoping review identified only a few studies, which showed personal and professional factors related to the transition and retention of mental health nurses at the early stages of their career.
Potential benefits of effective transition and support with the understanding of factors influencing transition and retention of early career mental health nurses will enhance staff morale, sustainability of the workforce and better patient outcomes. Additionally, a few recommendations for nurse managers and leaders to improve transitional experiences and retention of early career nurses are highlighted.
本综述旨在确定影响精神科护士在从业初期的过渡和留任的因素，认识到文献中的差距，并提出基于证据的策略。
精神健康是一个具有挑战性的专业；招聘、过渡和精神科护士的留任是众所周知的问题。
本研究进行了范围综述，以确定影响精神科护士在从业初期过渡和留任的因素，以及该研究领域的差距。使用电子数据库进行了文献检索。为了了解感兴趣的主题，文献综述从 2000 年扩展到 2022 年。
现有证据主要集中在过渡的特定方面。关于影响精神科护士过渡和留任的因素的文献有限。研究结果表明，个人和专业因素可能会影响精神科护士在从业初期的过渡和留任。确定的主要主题是个人属性和专业因素，其中有一些子主题。
范围综述仅发现了一些研究，这些研究表明个人和专业因素与精神科护士在职业生涯早期的过渡和留任有关。
了解影响精神科护士过渡和留任的因素，并提供有效的过渡和支持，可能会提高员工士气、劳动力的可持续性和更好的患者结果。此外，还强调了一些建议，供护士管理者和领导者改善早期职业护士的过渡体验和留任。
