儿童腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎：一例病例报告及文献综述
peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in a child: A case report and review of the literature.
作者信息
Haubrich Kathryn, Mammen Cherry, Sekirov Inna, Mitchell Hana
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Division of Nephrology, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
出版信息
J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can. 2022 Jun 3;7(2):125-130. doi: 10.3138/jammi-2021-0029. eCollection 2022 Jun.
BACKGROUND
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are an uncommon but serious cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infections. NTM peritonitis typically necessitates PD catheter removal, PD withdrawal, and aggressive, prolonged antimicrobial treatment. Few reported cases of NTM peritonitis in the pediatric population exist.
METHODS
We describe a case of a 9-year-old boy on PD after kidney allograft failure who developed peritonitis, and we summarize the available literature on peritonitis in pediatric patients receiving PD.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Therapeutic options were limited by adverse medication effects and risk of drug-drug interactions in a patient with complex mental health comorbidities. Clofazimine presented an acceptable oral treatment option for long-term therapy in combination with ciprofloxacin and was well tolerated by this patient. Prompt PD catheter removal followed by 6 months of dual antimicrobial therapy resulted in a full recovery and successful re-transplantation with no infection relapse.
背景
非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）是腹膜透析（PD）相关感染的一种罕见但严重的病因。NTM腹膜炎通常需要拔除PD导管、停止PD，并进行积极、长期的抗菌治疗。儿科人群中NTM腹膜炎的报道病例很少。
方法
我们描述了一例肾移植失败后接受PD治疗的9岁男孩发生腹膜炎的病例，并总结了接受PD治疗的儿科患者腹膜炎的现有文献。
结果与结论
对于一名合并复杂心理健康问题的患者，治疗选择受到药物不良反应和药物相互作用风险的限制。氯法齐明与环丙沙星联合使用是一种可接受的长期口服治疗选择，该患者耐受性良好。及时拔除PD导管并进行6个月的双重抗菌治疗，使患者完全康复并成功再次移植，且无感染复发。
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