Agyemang Amma F., Lele Shashikant
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
Gynecological malignancies continue to present significant morbidity and mortality in women notwithstanding current traditional and new targeted treatments. The advent of immunotherapy and its successes in hematologic malignancies, melanoma and lung cancer led to immense interest in exploring its effects in chemoresistant, advanced stage and recurrent gynecologic cancers. The tumor microenviroment is characteristically immunosuppressive to infiltrating cytotoxic T cells. Thus, the goal of immune based therapies is two-fold: overcome this immunosuppression and enhance tumor destruction. In this chapter, we discuss some of the preclinical studies and clinical trials investigating vaccines and other immunotherapies in gynecologic cancer patients. We present key advances in the development of cancer vaccines, adjuvants, immune modulators, adoptive cell therapies for the generation of optimal immunogenicity, and immuno-persistence and the ultimate eradication of resistant, advanced, and recurrent gynecologic cancers.
尽管目前有传统治疗方法和新的靶向治疗方法，但妇科恶性肿瘤在女性中仍然具有很高的发病率和死亡率。免疫疗法的出现及其在血液系统恶性肿瘤、黑色素瘤和肺癌治疗中的成功，引发了人们对其在化疗耐药、晚期和复发性妇科癌症中疗效的极大兴趣。肿瘤微环境对浸润的细胞毒性T细胞具有典型的免疫抑制作用。因此，基于免疫的治疗目标有两个：克服这种免疫抑制并增强肿瘤破坏。在本章中，我们讨论了一些针对妇科癌症患者研究疫苗和其他免疫疗法的临床前研究和临床试验。我们介绍了癌症疫苗、佐剂、免疫调节剂、用于产生最佳免疫原性的过继性细胞疗法、免疫持久性以及最终根除耐药、晚期和复发性妇科癌症方面的关键进展。
