Oral Health Prev Dent. 2022 Nov 8;20:413-419. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b3555989.
To explore the effects of oral health promotion management on the improvement of oral healthcare knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours in pregnant women.
This randomised study included pregnant women in Shanghai (China) who were randomly assigned to receive oral-health promotion management (intervention group) or no interventions (control group). The primary outcome for this study was overall oral health. The secondary outcomes included oral health awareness and attitudes, oral health knowledge, oral healthcare behaviours, medical visits, and risk factors. The Fourth National Oral Health Questionnaire was self-administered in this study, and oral examinations included caries and periodontal status. Data consistency was assessed by the Kappa coefficient.
After intervention, periodontal outcomes in the intervention group had improved statistically significantly, and the proportion of those without periodontal diseases had statistically significantly increased to 14.4% (p < 0.05). In the intervention group, statistically significant improvements were also observed in the number of active caries (p < 0.001), number of filled teeth (p = 0.014), and community periodontal index (CPI) scores (p < 0.001). Overall, after intervention, pregnant women demonstrated comprehension of the importance of children's deciduous teeth, and their knowledge of the importance of good oral health had greatly improved. Further, oral healthcare habits in the intervention group also showed statistically significant improvement: 56.8% established the habit of cleaning the tongue every week (p < 0.05) and 39.6% established the habit of regular oral examination (p < 0.05).
Oral healthcare education and promotion management for pregnant women can effectively improve their oral health, knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of oral health care.
探索口腔健康促进管理对改善孕妇口腔保健知识、态度和行为的影响。
这是一项随机研究，纳入了上海的孕妇，将其随机分为接受口腔健康促进管理（干预组）或不接受干预（对照组）。本研究的主要结局是总体口腔健康。次要结局包括口腔健康意识和态度、口腔健康知识、口腔保健行为、就诊情况和危险因素。本研究采用第四次全国口腔健康调查问卷进行自我评估，口腔检查包括龋齿和牙周状况。数据一致性评估采用 Kappa 系数。
干预后，干预组的牙周状况有统计学显著改善，且无牙周病的比例从 9.0%增加到 14.4%（p < 0.05）。干预组中，活跃性龋齿数量（p < 0.001）、补牙数量（p = 0.014）和社区牙周指数（CPI）评分（p < 0.001）也有统计学显著改善。总体而言，干预后，孕妇对儿童乳牙的重要性有了更好的理解，对良好口腔健康重要性的认识有了显著提高。此外，干预组的口腔保健习惯也有统计学显著改善：56.8%的孕妇每周清洁舌苔（p < 0.05），39.6%的孕妇定期进行口腔检查（p < 0.05）。
针对孕妇的口腔保健教育和促进管理可以有效改善其口腔健康、知识、态度和口腔保健行为。
