Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Periodontol 2000. 2021 Oct;87(1):276-281. doi: 10.1111/prd.12386.
Because of hormonal and immunologic changes, there are significant changes in the oral microbiome that emerge during pregnancy. Recent evidence further suggests that there is an association between the presence of periodontal disease and a pregnancy-associated oral dysbiosis. Although this oral dysbiosis and pathogenic periodontal bacteria are considered to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, it is still not clear how an oral dysbiosis during pregnancy can modulate oral diseases and birth outcomes. To develop preventive or therapeutic interventions, it is critical to understand the oral microbiome changes that emerge during pregnancy and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the present review, we summarize the current literature on normal changes in the oral microbiome that occur during pregnancy; the pathogenic changes in the oral microbiome believed to occur in association with adverse pregnancy outcomes; and the association between the placental microbiome and the oral microbiome.
由于激素和免疫的变化，怀孕期间口腔微生物组会发生显著变化。最近的证据进一步表明，牙周病的存在与妊娠相关的口腔菌群失调之间存在关联。尽管这种口腔菌群失调和致病性牙周细菌被认为与不良妊娠结局有关，但目前仍不清楚妊娠期间的口腔菌群失调如何调节口腔疾病和分娩结局。为了开发预防或治疗干预措施，了解怀孕期间出现的口腔微生物组变化及其与不良妊娠结局的关系至关重要。在本综述中，我们总结了目前关于怀孕期间口腔微生物组正常变化的文献；与不良妊娠结局相关的口腔微生物组的致病性变化；以及胎盘微生物组与口腔微生物组之间的关联。
