Khadivi Ali, Mirheidari Farhad, Saeidifar Abdolvahid, Moradi Younes
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Arak University Arak Iran.
Ministry of Agriculture Jihad, Sistan-va-Baluchestan Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2022 Jul 18;10(11):3638-3650. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.2961. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Mango ( L.) is one of the choicest fruit crops of the tropical and subtropical regions in the world. Morphological and pomological diversity of 18 mango () genotypes (with 3-10 replications for each genotype, 81 trees in total) was evaluated from four areas of Sistan-va-Baluchestan province, Iran. There were significant differences among the genotypes investigated based on the traits recorded. Harvest date ranged from late May to early August. Fruit skin ground color was highly variable, including light green, green, light yellow, yellow, and orange. The values of fruit dimensions-related characters were as follows: fruit length: 45.67-142.21 mm, fruit diameter: 37.51-94.13 mm, and fruit weight: 44.58-469.42 g. Peel and pulp percentages ranged from 65.24 to 92.45%. The quantity of fiber on stone was intermediate in most of the genotypes. Fruit weight showed positive standardized beta-coefficient () values with stone weight ( = 0.66, < .00) and pulp and skin content ( = 0.44, < .00). Thus, these two key variables are the main traits accounting for fruit weight, and they should be considered together in breeding programs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed 21 components explaining 85.44% of the total variance, and the first principal component (PC1) was positively correlated with fruit-related traits. A dendrogram created using Euclidean distances and the Ward's method revealed two main clusters. High dissimilarity levels among the studied genotypes showed high variability in the germplasm. Based on the traits related to fruit quality, seven genotypes, including GulabKhas, Chaunsa, Ghalami, Soldan, Porteghali, KalmiBozorg, and Jangal, were superior and are recommended to use for cultivation in commercial orchards for area-specific and in breeding programs.
芒果（L.）是世界热带和亚热带地区最优质的水果作物之一。对来自伊朗锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省四个地区的18个芒果（）基因型（每个基因型有3至10次重复，共81棵树）的形态和果实学多样性进行了评估。根据记录的性状，所研究的基因型之间存在显著差异。收获日期从5月下旬到8月初。果实表皮底色变化很大，包括浅绿、绿色、浅黄、黄色和橙色。与果实尺寸相关的性状值如下：果实长度：45.67 - 142.21毫米，果实直径：37.51 - 94.13毫米，果实重量：44.58 - 469.42克。果皮和果肉百分比在65.24%至92.45%之间。大多数基因型中果核上的纤维量中等。果实重量与果核重量（= 0.66，< 0.00）以及果肉和果皮含量（= 0.44，< 0.00）呈现正标准化β系数（）值。因此，这两个关键变量是决定果实重量的主要性状，在育种计划中应综合考虑。主成分分析（PCA）显示21个成分解释了总方差的85.44%，第一主成分（PC1）与果实相关性状呈正相关。使用欧氏距离和沃德法创建的聚类图显示出两个主要聚类。所研究基因型之间的高差异水平表明种质具有高变异性。基于与果实品质相关的性状，包括GulabKhas、Chaunsa、Ghalami、Soldan、Porteghali、KalmiBozorg和Jangal在内的7个基因型表现优异，建议在特定区域的商业果园种植以及用于育种计划。
