Velugoti Lakshmi Sai Deepak Reddy, Tabowei Godfrey, Gaddipati Greeshma N, Mukhtar Maria, Alzubaidee Mohammed J, Dwarampudi Raga Sruthi, Mathew Sheena, Bichenapally Sumahitha, Khachatryan Vahe, Muazzam Asmaa, Hamal Chandani, Mohammed Lubna
Department of Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Oct 6;14(10):e30014. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30014. eCollection 2022 Oct.
Stroke is one of the most common causes of disability in the world. It has sensory, motor, and cognitive symptoms. Many cognitive domains might get involved in a stroke. This systematic review focuses on working memory domain deficits after stroke and their various rehabilitation methods. This review is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) guidelines. For this review, we have searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases and screened thoroughly with the inclusion criteria of free full-text English papers in the last 10 years that have exclusively studied humans. The articles included in the search are randomized control trials (RCTs), observational studies, meta-analysis studies, systematic reviews, and traditional reviews. Consequent quality assessment was done using the most commonly used tools for each type of study and eight papers were selected. From these papers, full-text articles were studied, analyzed, and tabulated. We found five different rehabilitation methods: transcranial direct-current stimulation, computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation, physical activity, goal setting, and multimodal rehabilitation. We found that goal setting, computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation, and multimodal rehabilitation can improve working memory deficits. While transcranial direct current stimulation and physical activity were inconsistent, further studies are needed. The small sample size, no follow-up, the inclusion of only a few studies, the size of the stroke, and comorbid conditions like mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and depression were the main limitations of this study. Future reviews must include a larger number of studies with large sample sizes, including follow-up as an inclusion criterion. We need more clinical trials on these methods for better knowledge.
中风是全球最常见的致残原因之一。它具有感觉、运动和认知症状。中风可能累及许多认知领域。本系统评价聚焦于中风后工作记忆领域的缺陷及其各种康复方法。本评价基于系统评价与Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。对于本评价，我们检索了PubMed、谷歌学术和科学Direct数据库，并根据过去10年专门研究人类的免费全文英文论文的纳入标准进行了全面筛选。检索到的文章包括随机对照试验（RCT）、观察性研究、Meta分析研究、系统评价和传统综述。随后使用每种研究类型最常用的工具进行质量评估，并选择了8篇论文。对这些论文的全文进行了研究、分析并制成表格。我们发现了五种不同的康复方法：经颅直流电刺激、计算机辅助认知康复、体育活动、目标设定和多模式康复。我们发现目标设定、计算机辅助认知康复和多模式康复可以改善工作记忆缺陷。而经颅直流电刺激和体育活动的结果不一致，需要进一步研究。本研究的主要局限性包括样本量小、无随访、仅纳入少数研究、中风的严重程度以及合并症如轻度认知障碍、痴呆和抑郁症。未来的综述必须纳入大量样本量较大的研究，并将随访作为纳入标准。我们需要更多关于这些方法的临床试验以获得更深入的了解。
