ANECO Institut für Umweltschutz, Hamburg, Germany.
German Environment Agency, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Jan 1;316(Pt 1):120511. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120511. Epub 2022 Oct 27.
PCDD/Fs (17 congeners and Σ tetra -to octachloro homologues) and 209 PCBs were investigated in monthly samples of ambient air (gas + particle phase) and atmospheric deposition at two background monitoring sites in Germany in 2018/19. In atmospheric deposition samples, PCDD/F congeners as well as certain PCBs were frequently below the method quantification limits whereas values for PCDD/F homologue groups could be quantified more often. Annual deposition averages for individual PCDD/Fs were between <0.1 μg/md and 6.7 μg/md. Averages for Σ TeCDD/F to OCDD/F homologue totals in deposition were about 11 pg/md and 19 pg/md. Total PCB deposition rates were about 1900 pg/md and 1550 pg/md. PCDD/F + PCB-deposition rates were below 1 pg WHO-TEQ/md on average. In ambient air, both substance groups were frequently observed. Annual concentration averages for individual PCDD/F were between 0.1 fg/m³ and 50 fg/m³. Average values for Σ TeCDD/F to OCDD/F homologue totals in ambient air were 283 fg/m³ and 162 fg/m³. Total PCB concentrations were about 50 pg/m³ at both sites. PCDD/F + PCB-TEQ values were lower than 5 fg WHO-TEQ/m³ on average. Besides the frequently studied dioxin-like PCBs and six indicator PCBs, the analysis of the 209 PCBs (166 separated PCB-peaks) enabled the identification and evaluation of additional PCBs that might be of environmental concern. Of 166 PCBs or PCB-coelutions, up to 144 were quantified in air samples and up to 94 in atmospheric deposition samples. In ambient air, some of these PCBs were observed at levels similar to or exceeding those of the six indicator PCBs. Important additional PCBs in ambient air were PCB 5 + 8, PCB 11, PCB 17, PCB 18, PCB 20 + 33, PCB 31, PCB 43 + 49, PCB 44, PCB 47 + 48 + 65 + 75, PCB 93 + 95 + 98 + 102, PCB 139 + 149, and PCB 151. The presence of these PCBs in atmospheric samples implies that by analysing only selected PCBs potentially important contaminants are overlooked.
在 2018/19 年，两位德国的背景监测站点调查了每月采集的环境空气（气相+颗粒相）和大气沉降样本中的 PCDD/Fs（17 种同系物和四氯至八氯同系物）和 209 种多氯联苯。在大气沉降样本中，PCDD/F 同系物以及某些多氯联苯经常低于方法定量限，而 PCDD/F 同系物组的值则更经常可以被定量。个别 PCDD/F 的年沉积平均值在<0.1 μg/md 和 6.7 μg/md 之间。在沉降中，Σ TeCDD/F 至 OCDD/F 同系物总量的平均值约为 11 pg/md 和 19 pg/md。总多氯联苯沉积率约为 1900 pg/md 和 1550 pg/md。PCDD/F+多氯联苯的沉积率平均低于 1 pg WHO-TEQ/md。在环境空气中，这两种物质经常被同时观察到。个别 PCDD/F 的年浓度平均值在 0.1 fg/m³和 50 fg/m³之间。环境空气中Σ TeCDD/F 至 OCDD/F 同系物总量的平均值分别为 283 fg/m³和 162 fg/m³。两个站点的总多氯联苯浓度约为 50 pg/m³。PCDD/F+多氯联苯-TEQ 值平均低于 5 fg WHO-TEQ/m³。除了经常研究的类二恶英多氯联苯和六种指示性多氯联苯外，对 209 种多氯联苯（166 种分离的多氯联苯峰）的分析还可以识别和评估可能引起环境关注的其他多氯联苯。在空气样本中，多达 144 种 166 种多氯联苯或多氯联苯共洗脱物被定量，在大气沉降样本中，多达 94 种被定量。在环境空气中，其中一些多氯联苯的水平与或超过六种指示性多氯联苯的水平。环境空气中重要的多氯联苯有 PCB 5+8、PCB 11、PCB 17、PCB 18、PCB 20+33、PCB 31、PCB 43+49、PCB 44、PCB 47+48+65+75、PCB 93+95+98+102、PCB 139+149 和 PCB 151。这些多氯联苯在大气样本中的存在意味着，如果只分析部分多氯联苯，可能会忽略一些重要的污染物。
