生长因子和氨基酸信号通路对髓鞘形成的协调调控。
Coordinated Regulation of Myelination by Growth Factor and Amino-acid Signaling Pathways.
机构信息
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
出版信息
Neurosci Bull. 2023 Mar;39(3):453-465. doi: 10.1007/s12264-022-00967-x. Epub 2022 Nov 9.
Myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are essential for structural and functional homeostasis of nervous tissue. Albeit with certain similarities, the regulation of CNS and PNS myelination is executed differently. Recent advances highlight the coordinated regulation of oligodendrocyte myelination by amino-acid sensing and growth factor signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss novel insights into the understanding of differential regulation of oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell biology in CNS and PNS myelination, with particular focus on the roles of growth factor-stimulated RHEB-mTORC1 and GATOR2-mediated amino-acid sensing/signaling pathways. We also discuss recent progress on the metabolic regulation of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells and the impact of their dysfunction on neuronal function and disease.
中枢神经系统（CNS）中的髓鞘形成少突胶质细胞和周围神经系统（PNS）中的施万细胞对于神经组织的结构和功能稳态至关重要。尽管存在某些相似之处，但 CNS 和 PNS 髓鞘形成的调节方式不同。最近的进展强调了氨基酸感应和生长因子信号通路对少突胶质细胞髓鞘形成的协调调节。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了对 CNS 和 PNS 髓鞘形成中少突胶质细胞和施万细胞生物学的差异调节的新认识，特别关注生长因子刺激的 RHEB-mTORC1 和 GATOR2 介导的氨基酸感应/信号通路的作用。我们还讨论了少突胶质细胞和施万细胞代谢调节的最新进展以及它们功能障碍对神经元功能和疾病的影响。
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