Hao Xingxia, Chi Yunfei, Bai Hailiang, Li Shaozeng, Han Shaofang, Duan Hongjie, Chang Yang, Hu Fangchao, Wei Bin, Zheng Jinguang, Chai Jiake, Liu Lingying
Chinese PLA Medical School (Chinese PLA General Hospital), Beijing, China.
Senior Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Gland Surg. 2022 Oct;11(10):1647-1655. doi: 10.21037/gs-22-476.
The skin morphological characteristics of the Bama miniature pig are very similar to those of humans; thus, the Bama miniature pig is an ideal choice for establishing a skin burn model.
In this study, 6 ordinary, male, Bama miniature pigs (weight: 23-28 kg and length: 71-75 cm) were used to establish burn models. A mixture of 1 mg of Ketamine and Sumianxin II was used for Bama miniature pigs anesthetizing, and 1 mg of Pentobarbital sodium was added as necessary. The different burn depths were made using a continuous pressure of 1 kg and contact times of 0 s, 10 s, 15 s, 20 s, 25 s, 30 s, 35 s, 40 s, and 45 s by the newly invented electronic burn instrument. The burned tissues were collected and examined with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson staining.
Burning for 10-15 s caused a first-degree burn; the blood vessels in the superficial dermis were dilated and congested, and necrosis occurred above the basal layer of the epidermis. Burning for 20-25 s caused a superficial partial-thickness burn; the whole epidermal layer was necrotic, and the collagen fibers were slightly deformed. Burning for 30-35 s caused a deep partial-thickness burn; the whole epidermal layer and dermal layers were necrotic with leukocyte infiltration zones, and the collagen fibers were disordered, degenerated, and necrotized. Burning for 40-45 s caused a third-degree burn; the skin layers and adipose tissues were necrotic, and the thick blood vessels in the skin adipose tissues were full of disintegrated and agglutinated red blood cells.
Stable burn depth models of Bama miniature pigs were constructed using a new and innovative electronic burn instrument. Our findings provide a basis for further research on the burn mechanism and evaluations of therapeutic drugs.
巴马小型猪的皮肤形态特征与人类非常相似；因此，巴马小型猪是建立皮肤烧伤模型的理想选择。
在本研究中，使用6只普通雄性巴马小型猪（体重：23 - 28千克，体长：71 - 75厘米）建立烧伤模型。使用1毫克氯胺酮和速眠新II的混合物对巴马小型猪进行麻醉，必要时添加1毫克戊巴比妥钠。通过新发明的电子烧伤仪，以1千克的持续压力和0秒、10秒、15秒、20秒、25秒、30秒、35秒、40秒和45秒的接触时间制造不同的烧伤深度。收集烧伤组织并用苏木精和伊红（H&E）以及Masson染色进行检查。
烧伤10 - 15秒导致一度烧伤；浅表真皮层血管扩张充血，表皮基底层上方发生坏死。烧伤20 - 25秒导致浅二度烧伤；整个表皮层坏死，胶原纤维轻度变形。烧伤30 - 35秒导致深二度烧伤；整个表皮层和真皮层坏死，有白细胞浸润区，胶原纤维紊乱、变性和坏死。烧伤40 - 45秒导致三度烧伤；皮肤层和脂肪组织坏死，皮肤脂肪组织中的粗大血管充满解体和凝集的红细胞。
使用新型创新电子烧伤仪构建了稳定的巴马小型猪烧伤深度模型。我们的研究结果为进一步研究烧伤机制和评估治疗药物提供了依据。
