Calabuig Altea, Pekas Apostolos, Wäckers Felix L
Institut Agroforestal Mediterrani, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain.
Biobest Belgium N.V, Research & Development Department, Westerlo, Belgium.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Feb 9;111(1):72-77. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox301.
Generalist arthropod predators not only prey on herbivores but also may engage in competitive interactions by attacking and consuming conspecifics (cannibalism) or other predators (intraguild predation [IGP] and hyperpredation). These types of interactions are quite common among predators used in biological control. Although there is evidence that nonprey food relaxes cannibalism and IGP, there is little information regarding the impact of the quality of the nonprey food. Herein, we examined how pollen of different nutritional quality (pine, narrow-leaf cattail, or apple) impacted 1) the cannibalism by females of Euseius stipulatus (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on conspecific larvae, 2) the reciprocal predation between gravid females of E. stipulatus or Iphiseius degenerans (Berlese) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and heterospecific larvae, and 3) the predation of E. stipulatus on the eggs of the aphid predator Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). E. stipulatus cannibalism was significantly reduced in the cattail pollen treatment, whereas in the pine pollen it did not significantly differ from control (no food). Predation between I. degenerans and E. stipulatus was significantly reduced in the cattail pollen treatment as compared to the control treatment. Finally, predation of E. stipulatus on A. aphidimyza eggs was significantly reduced when cattail or apple pollen was provided compared to the pine pollen or control treatments. These results suggest that cattail or apple pollen is suitable for mitigating negative interactions among generalist predatory mites used in biological control.
多食性节肢动物捕食者不仅捕食食草动物，还可能通过攻击和取食同种个体（同类相食）或其他捕食者（种内捕食[IGP]和超捕食）进行竞争互动。这些互动类型在生物防治中使用的捕食者之间相当常见。尽管有证据表明非猎物食物可缓解同类相食和种内捕食，但关于非猎物食物质量的影响却知之甚少。在此，我们研究了不同营养质量的花粉（松树、窄叶香蒲或苹果）如何影响：1）斯氏钝绥螨（Athias-Henriot）（蜱螨目：植绥螨科）雌螨对同种幼虫的同类相食行为；2）斯氏钝绥螨或德氏钝绥螨（Berlese）（蜱螨目：植绥螨科）孕雌螨与异种幼虫之间的相互捕食行为；3）斯氏钝绥螨对蚜虫捕食者食蚜瘿蚊（Rondani）（双翅目：瘿蚊科）卵的捕食行为。在香蒲花粉处理中，斯氏钝绥螨的同类相食行为显著减少，而在松花粉处理中，其与对照（无食物）相比无显著差异。与对照处理相比，在香蒲花粉处理中，德氏钝绥螨和斯氏钝绥螨之间的捕食行为显著减少。最后，与松花粉或对照处理相比，提供香蒲或苹果花粉时，斯氏钝绥螨对食蚜瘿蚊卵的捕食行为显著减少。这些结果表明，香蒲或苹果花粉适合减轻生物防治中使用的多食性捕食螨之间的负面相互作用。
