El Jarroudi Moussa, Kouadio Louis, Junk Jürgen, Maraite Henri, Tychon Bernard, Delfosse Philippe
Department of Environmental Sciences and Management, SPHERES Research Unit, University of Liège, 6700 Arlon, Belgium.
Centre for Applied Climate Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Oct 24;8(11):1119. doi: 10.3390/jof8111119.
Septoria leaf blotch (SLB) is among the most damaging foliar diseases of wheat worldwide. In this study, data for seven cropping seasons (2003−2009) at four representative wheat-growing sites in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg (GDL) were used to assess SLB risk on the three upper leaves (L3 to L1, L1 being the flag leaf) based on the combination of conducive weather conditions, simulated potential daily infection events by Zymoseptoria tritici, and SLB severity on lower leaves between stem elongation and mid-flowering. Results indicated that the variability in SLB severity on L3 to L1 at soft dough was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by the disease severity on the lower leaf L5 at L3 emergence and the sum of daily mean air temperature between stem elongation and mid-flowering. Moreover, analyzing the predictive power of these variables through multiple linear regression indicated that the disease severity on L5 at L3 emergence and mild weather conditions between stem elongation and mid-flowering critically influenced the progress of SLB later in the season. Such results can help fine tune weather-based SLB risk models to guide optimal timing of fungicide application in winter wheat fields and ensure economic and ecological benefits.
壳针孢叶斑病（SLB）是全球范围内对小麦危害最大的叶部病害之一。在本研究中，利用卢森堡大公国（GDL）四个代表性小麦种植地点七个种植季节（2003 - 2009年）的数据，基于有利的天气条件、小麦壳针孢模拟的潜在每日感染事件以及茎伸长至开花中期下部叶片上的壳针孢叶斑病严重程度，评估上部三片叶（从L3到L1，L1为旗叶）上的壳针孢叶斑病风险。结果表明，在面团期L3至L1上壳针孢叶斑病严重程度的变异性受L3出现时下部叶片L5上的病害严重程度以及茎伸长至开花中期的日平均气温总和的显著影响（p < 0.05）。此外，通过多元线性回归分析这些变量的预测能力表明，L3出现时L5上的病害严重程度以及茎伸长至开花中期的温和天气条件对该季节后期壳针孢叶斑病的发展有至关重要的影响。这些结果有助于优化基于天气的壳针孢叶斑病风险模型，以指导冬小麦田杀菌剂的最佳施用时间，并确保经济和生态效益。
