Annevelink Carmen E, Walker Rachel E, Shearer Gregory C
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Metabolites. 2022 Oct 22;12(11):1007. doi: 10.3390/metabo12111007.
Oxylipins are oxygenated metabolites of fatty acids that share several similar biochemical characteristics and functions to fatty acids including transport and trafficking. Oxylipins are most commonly measured in the non-esterified form which can be found in plasma, free or bound to albumin. The non-esterified form, however, reflects only one of the possible pools of oxylipins and is by far the least abundant circulating form of oxylipins. Further, this fraction cannot reliably be extrapolated to the other, more abundant, esterified pool. In cells too, esterified oxylipins are the most abundant form, but are seldom measured and their potential roles in signaling are not well established. In this review, we examine the current literature on experimental oxylipin measurements to describe the lack in reporting the esterified oxylipin pool. We outline the metabolic and experimental importance of esterified oxylipins using well established roles of fatty acid trafficking in non-esterified fatty acids and in esterified form as components of circulating lipoproteins. Finally, we use mathematical modeling to simulate how exchange between cellular esterified and unesterified pools would affect intracellular signaling.. The explicit inclusion of esterified oxylipins along with the non-esterified pool has the potential to convey a more complete assessment of the metabolic consequences of oxylipin trafficking.
氧化脂质是脂肪酸的氧化代谢产物，与脂肪酸具有一些相似的生化特性和功能，包括运输和转运。氧化脂质最常以非酯化形式进行测定，这种形式可在血浆中找到，游离存在或与白蛋白结合。然而，非酯化形式仅反映了氧化脂质可能存在的一种形式，并且是迄今为止循环中最不丰富的氧化脂质形式。此外，这一部分不能可靠地外推到其他更丰富的酯化库。在细胞中也是如此，酯化氧化脂质是最丰富的形式，但很少被测定，其在信号传导中的潜在作用也尚未明确确立。在这篇综述中，我们研究了当前关于实验性氧化脂质测量的文献，以描述在报告酯化氧化脂质库方面的不足。我们利用脂肪酸在非酯化脂肪酸以及作为循环脂蛋白成分的酯化形式中的转运的既定作用，概述了酯化氧化脂质的代谢和实验重要性。最后，我们使用数学模型来模拟细胞内酯化和非酯化库之间的交换如何影响细胞内信号传导。明确纳入酯化氧化脂质以及非酯化库有可能对氧化脂质转运的代谢后果进行更全面的评估。
