Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, China.
Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jan 15;326(Pt A):116704. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116704. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
To identify potential sources of fine particles (PM, with aerodynamic diameter (D) ≤ 2.5 μm) in urban Dongguan of south China, a comprehensive campaign was carried out in the whole 2019. Hourly PM and its dominant chemical components including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) and thirteen elements were measured using online instruments. Gaseous pollutants including NH, HNO, NO, NO and O and meteorological parameters were also synchronously measured. PM was dominated by carbonaceous aerosols in summer and by WSIIs in the other seasons. PM and its dominant chemical components mostly peaked around noon (10:00-14:00 LST). Furthermore, high PM levels during the daytime were closely related with the increased NO levels. The high mass concentrations of NO in urban Dongguan during the daytime were likely related with regional transport of NO from suburban Dongguan, which was originated from the reaction between NO and O under the moisture condition during the nighttime. Seven major source factors for PM including secondary sulfate, ship emission, traffic emission, secondary nitrate, industrial processes, soil dust and coal combustion were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis, which contributed 26 ± 14%, 16 ± 16%, 16 ± 10%, 14 ± 11%, 12 ± 11%, 8 ± 6% and 8 ± 6%, respectively, to annual PM mass concentration. Although secondary sulfate contributed much more than secondary nitrate to PM on annual basis, the latter exceeded the former source factor when daily PM mass concentration was higher than 60 μg m, indicating the critical role nitrate played in PM episode events.
为了识别中国南方城市东莞的细颗粒物（PM，空气动力学直径（D）≤2.5μm）的潜在来源，我们在 2019 年全年进行了一次综合研究。使用在线仪器测量了每小时的 PM 及其主要化学成分，包括有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）、水溶性无机离子（WSIIs）和十三种元素。同时还同步测量了气态污染物，包括 NH、HNO、NO、NO 和 O 以及气象参数。PM 在夏季以碳质气溶胶为主，在其他季节以 WSIIs 为主。PM 及其主要化学成分主要在中午左右（LST 10:00-14:00）达到峰值。此外，白天高浓度的 PM 与 NO 水平的升高密切相关。白天东莞市区高浓度的 NO 可能与郊区 NO 从区域输送有关，这是由于夜间水分条件下 NO 和 O 的反应造成的。通过正定矩阵因子分析（PMF）识别了 PM 的七个主要来源因素，包括二次硫酸盐、船舶排放、交通排放、二次硝酸盐、工业过程、土壤尘和煤炭燃烧，它们分别占 PM 年质量浓度的 26±14%、16±16%、16±10%、14±11%、12±11%、8±6%和 8±6%。尽管从年际基础来看，二次硫酸盐对 PM 的贡献比二次硝酸盐大，但当每日 PM 质量浓度高于 60μg/m 时，后者超过了前者，这表明硝酸盐在 PM 爆发事件中起着关键作用。
